iv 
PREFACE. 
or fresh-water mussel; a lobster or crayfish; a horseshoe 
crab, locust or grassliopper; and finally a fish, frog, and 
cat. A small collection of corals, shells, and a few typical 
dried or alcoholic insects, and skeletons of a fish, frog, 
reptile, bird, and cat, should also be examined and referred 
to constantly in using this or any other text-book. In this 
way^ and with an occasional field excursion after living 
animals, the study of Zoology can be made of the highest 
interest and yalue, calling out both the observing and 
reflective faculties. 
For collateral reading, the teacher or student is re- 
ferred to the works of Huxley, Gegenbaur, Darwin, and 
Brooks' Invertebrate Zoology ; for a work on shells. 
Woodward's Manual of Moilusca; on insects, Packard^s 
Guide to the Study of Insects; on birds, Coues' Key to 
the Birds of North America; for a magazine of natural 
history, to the American Naturalist, A further list is 
given in the author^s larger Zoology. 
While most of the cuts are taken from the larger Zoology, 
where their source has been already acknowledged, a few 
are borrowed from Liitken's Zoology (in Danish); Brooks' 
Invertebrate Zoology ; Emerton's Life on the Sea-Shore, 
published by S. E. Cassino; and Nordenski old's Voyage 
of the Vega, published by Macmillan & Co. ; a few cuts 
of Crustacea are from Hayden' s Twelfth Annual Report 
U. S. Geological Survey of the Territories, and Fig. 137 is 
from the Second Eeport of the U. S. Entomological Com- 
mission: these and others thus copied are duly acknowl- 
edged under each cut. A few of the illustrations are new. 
Providence, Sept. 25, 1883 
