PEEFAOE. 
o 
This brief compendium of Zoology is designed for use 
in grammar and high schools. It is introductory to the 
• author's larger Zoology. Though partly rewritten, and 
with additions regarding the habits of birds and mammals, 
portions of the larger book have been retained, the more 
difiBcult parts being omitted so as to adapt it for younger 
pupils, or those whose time is limited. . 
No class in the study of Zoology should depend on a 
book alone, but specimens should be in constant use, — the 
text-book being rather for reference, — as all school work 
in Zoology should be object-teaching. Before taking up 
the book, each member of the class should be required to 
examine a fish — a perch, cunner, smelt, or any common 
fish; the pupil should then draw it with all the fins ex- 
panded; then with the aid of the directions on pages 154 
to 157, by means of a small scalpel, forceps, and scissors, 
the student should dissect the fish, drawing the heart, 
stomach, etc., and a transverse section; a preparation of 
the brain can be easily made with the aid of a com- 
petent teacher. Having thus obtained some notion of the 
structure of a common vertebrate animal as a basis 
of comparison, the class can begin to study the book: 
meanwhile once or twice a week, if not oftener, taking a 
laboratory lesson^ drawing and dissecting a star-fish, Ciam^ 
