130 
ZOOLOGY, 
the colony, the division of labor and the reasoning powers 
manifested by the workers and soldiers, which, with the 
males and females, constitute the ant-colony. 
Certain ants enslave other species; have herds of cattle, 
the aphides; build complicated nests or 
formicaries, tunnel broad rivers, lay up 
seeds for use in the winter-time, are 
patterns of industry, and exhibit a readi- 
ness in overcoming extraordinary emer- 
gencies, w^liich show that they have suf- 
ficient reasoning powers to meet the 
exigencies of their life; their ordinary 
acts being instinctive — namel}^ the re- 
sults of inherited habits. The leaf-cutter 
FIG. iTi.-Mua-aauDer. ^^^^ „f QQ^ir2,\ and South America (Fig. 
170) are famous from their leaf-cutting habits; the soldiers 
have large triangular heads, while the workers have much 
smaller rounded heads. 
The mud-daubers {Pelopmis, Fig. 171) build their nests 
FiG. 172.— Sand-wasp (Sphex). Natural size. 
against stone walls, of pellets of mud, while the sand- and 
mud-wasps dig deep holes (Fig. 172, S^hex ich7ieumonea) 
