150 
ZOOLOGY. 
with a long, erect spine or sting." Some live in fresh 
water. 
The devil-fish {Cephalopterus diabohis) of the coast of 
South Carolina and Florida is the largest of our rays, being 
eighteen feet across from tip to tip of its pectoral fins, and 
ten feet in length, weighing several tons. It sometimes 
seizes the anchors of small vessels by means of the curved 
processes of its head and swims rapidly out to sea, carrying 
Fig. 192. — Chimoera vulgaris. From Lutken's Zoology. 
the craft along with it. Closely allied to our devil-fish is 
the Ceratoptera (Fig. 191). 
Order 2. Holocepliali, — This small but interesting group 
of sharks is represented by the Clmncera (Fig. 192) of the 
North Atlantic, and Ccdlorliynclms of the antarctic seas. 
In these fishes the four gill-openings are covered by a 
membrane, thus approaching the true bony fishes; there 
are but four teeth in the upper and two in the lower jaw. 
Sub-Class II. — Ganoidei {Garpikes, Lung-fishes). 
The term Ganoid was applied to these fishes from the 
form of the scales, which in most of the species are angular^ 
square, or rhomboidal^ and covered with enamel^ as seen in 
