300 
ZOOLOGY. 
wolf. On the other hand, fourteen kinds of dogs can be 
distinguished in the Eoman and Greek records; of these 
five are principal types or species, five others climatic vari- 
eties, the remainder being either breeds artificially pro- 
duced or hybrids. As regards the Egyptian dogs^ seven 
kinds may be distinguished, three of them, besides the 
jackal, being distinct species. Wolves, jackals, foxes, etc., 
are species quite distinct from the domestic dog; they may 
have interbred with the latter, and have thus influenced cer- 
tain breeds; but^hey are not the parents of the domestic dog. 
There are seven species among our dogs: C. domesticus, 
extrarius or spaniel and Newfoundland dogs^ veriagus or 
Fig. 325.— Jaguar, South America. From Liitken's Zoology. 
badger dog^ sagax or hound, molossus or bulldog, leporaruts 
or greyhound, and the naked dog, C. caribmis. Among 
half-wild dogs is the dingo or hunting-dog of Australia, 
which goes in packs. 
The Viverra and Genetta, or civet cats, and the hyaenas, 
lead to the cat family, which stands at the head of the Car- 
nivora. The jaguar (Pig. 325), panther, leopard, tiger, and 
lion belong to the genus Felis. The Felis' concolor, cougar, 
panther, or puma, ranges over both continents; it is 1-1.3 
metres in length. The panther destroys large numbers of 
porcupines, but feeds chiefly on young deer. Dr. Merriam 
tells us that it springs upon the deer from the ground; " on 
level ground a single spring of twenty feet is by no moans 
