THE GENERAL SUBJECT. 
219 
stancy of characters both in imitator and imitated during life ; 2, varia- 
tion within small limits ; 3, variation once during life ; and 4, ijeriodic 
change. Cases of variable protective colouring are given, chiefly in 
Lepidoptera. 
Meldol.!, Raphael. On the Amount of Substance-waste under- 
gone by Insects in the Pupal State ; with Remarks on 
Papilio Ajax. Ann. N. K (4) xii. pp. 301-307. 
Refers simply to experiments on Bomhyx quercus and Liparis dispar 
{Lepidoptera). 
Mullee, Albert. Contributions to Entomological Bibliogra- 
phy up to 1862. No. 1. Tr. E. Soc. 1843, pp. 207-217. 
Kos. 2 (pp. 15) & 3 (pp. 16) published separately, 8vo, 
London: 1873. 
Additions (mostly unimportant) to Hagen's well known work. 
MuLLER, Hermann. On the Fertilization of Flowers by In- 
sects, and on the reciprocal adaptations of both. Nature, 
viii. pp. 187-189, 205 & 206, 433-435, ix. pp. 44-46, 
figs. 1—22. 
Chiefly in connection with Hymenopttra. Highly magnified figures of 
the mouth organs in Apis and Bombus are given. 
Paasch, a. Von den Sinnesorgan der Insekten im Allgemei- 
nen, von Gehor- Und Geruchsorganen im Besonderen. 
Arch. f. Nat. xxxix. 1, pp. 248-275. 
Contains a review of former publications on the senses of insects. No 
fresh discoveries or experiments are recorded. 
Packard, Junr., Alpheus S. Our Common Insects. Salem, 
Mass. : 1873. 12mo, pp. 220, 268 woodcuts. 
A popular account of the more common Insects of the United States, 
with a calendar containing an account of injurious and beneficial species, 
their times of appearance, habits, &c. Chapter xiii. of this work, " The 
Ancestry of Insects," was printed in advance [see Lubbock, 8upra\^ pp. 
148-186, figs. Yll-2\L In it, the affinities of the Insecta to other Inver- 
tebrates are traced through the earlier stages, and the idea that the evo- 
lution hypothesis is opposed to a plan of creation is repudiated. The 
type of the Articulata is founded from similar development and struc- 
ture between Annelida and Crustacea on the one hand, and Annelida and 
Insecta on the other. 
. On the Cave Fauna of Indiana. Rep. Peab. Ac. v. 
p. 93. 
Enumerates Anthomyia sp. ?, Anophthalmus tenuis, Horn, Platynus 
marginatus, with normal eyes (pupa also eyed), and Ceuthophilus (Or- 
thopt.), sp. n. 
— . Record of American Entomology, for the year 1872. 
Salem, Mass. : 1873, 8vo, pp. 35. 
