DE BOUE' ON THE GEOGNOSY OF GERMANY, 95 
at Chessy. And even in Germany the Weissliegende, or 
uppermost part of the Old Red Sandstone, now and then 
contains these ores, (Eisleben). In England, they are per- 
haps very feebly indicated in the coal-measures. 
On the north side of the Alps^ in a part of the Carpa- 
thians, and in the Appennines of Tuscany, the Old Red 
Sandstone, and especially the Coal-formation, is found 
associated with the First Floetz Limestone ; or, in other 
words, these two formations alternate with each other. 
This is very beautifully exemplified in the chain of the 
Kalenberg, near Vienna. In the Bavarian Rhine provinces, 
the Zechstein appears also to be represented by beds of 
Greyish-black Limestone, placed in the Coal-formation, 
(Obermoschel, &c.) 
Your Encrinal Limestone is nothing else than a set of 
beds of transition-limestone, exactly similar to some of those 
of the Hartz and the Ardennes. These beds alternate with 
the undermost part of the Old Red Sandstone, which is in 
England, as in the Rhine Palatinate, composed in a great 
measure of coal-sandstones. Indeed this alternation is 
quite natural, and conformable to the general laws of the 
succession of formations; which, especially in the floetz 
series, alternate universally with each other at their point 
of contact.* 
The Variegated Sandstone of the Germans (the Spessart)y 
the Red Ground or Marl, and the Gres bizarre of the 
borders of the Vosges, of Homburg, &c. are one and the 
same deposit, which is always superior to the First Floetz 
Limestone. It seems to me, that it is only in this formation 
* For example, the Shell Limestone (Muschelkalkstein), with the upper- 
most part of the variegated Sandstone, the Chalk with Plastic Clay, the 
Plastic Clay with the coarse Marine Limestone, &c. 
