100 DR BOUE' on the geognosy of GERMANY. 
All the pseudo-volcanic products of the Mittelgebirge 
are owing to the brown coal of this formation. 
The Coarse Marine Limestone (Calcaire grossier) oc- 
curs very rarely, and in very small patches, in the north 
of Germany ; as, for instance, near Lemgo, in Westphalia, 
where it contains cucuUea, turritella, natica or ampullaria, 
nucleola, and other bivalves *. I have also seen it with the 
same shells near Cassel, Dransfeld, Ahlfeld, and Hildes- 
heim. 
The First Fresh-water Formation does not occur in 
Germany, Austria, and Hungary, yet we have seen gyp- 
sum in their plastic clays ; on the other hand, the coarse 
Marine Limestone, or, at least, what I take for it, contains, 
in Austria and Hungary, remains of amphibious, and even 
of terrestrial animals. Regarding this interesting fact, how- 
ever, I cannot say more at present. 
The Upper Marine Formation abounds in Austria and 
Hungary, as well as in the north of Germany ; but in the 
two first countries it is often calcareous, and is associated 
with much clay, and marl, containing a numerous set of 
petrifactions, many of which are like those described by 
Brocchi in the Subappennine Hills. 
The Upper Fresh-water Formation exists in the basin of 
Vienna, (Baden, &c.), in Hungary, and in Moravia. In 
Hungary, near Pest, there is a true fresh-water limestone, 
with planorbes and lymnei ; and in Moravia, near Nicol- 
chitz, it forms, in a valley, a small deposit, like that of 
CEningen ; and the schistose marls contain there only some 
impressions of aquatic plants and of insects, (Dipteres). A 
kind of semi-opal also occurs there. 
The north of Germany abounds in Calcareous Tuffs. 
* The Nagelfluh of Switzerland belongs probably' to various epochas of 
the Paris formation. 
