128 
NEW ARRANGEMENT OF 
variance with Ehrhakt, who had previously, and most 
accurately, described them. Both Hedwig and Ehrhakt 
have, however, we conceive, fallen into an error, by de- 
scribing the elongated receptacle as a pedicellus or seta. 
That we are correct in our denomination of these parts, 
(and we are not the first), we think, clearly proved ; by 
the sporules being never found in the apophysis, but al- 
ways in the cavity formed by the four valves ; and by the 
texture of these parts and that of the receptacle. For those 
who believe in the stamina and pistilla of mosses, we may 
add, that the latter are arranged along our receptacle. 
Habitat. All the four species are natives of Great Bri- 
tain, but are by no means confined to it. Three are com- 
mon on all the mountainous rocks of Europe ; but J, ni- 
valis has been detected only on the summit of Ben Nevis 
in Scotland, and on some of the more elevated of the Swiss 
Alps. Hitherto none of the species have been found out 
of Europe, to whose rocks Nature seems to have restricted 
them. 
History. Two of the species were described by Lin- 
naeus under the names of Jungermannia alpina and J. 
rupestris. From the latter, Dr Mohr was the first to se- 
parate A. Rothii, on account of the presence of a nerve in 
the leaf, a species which is retained (without a figure) by 
ScHw^GRiCHEN, but cxcludcd by Bridel in his "Methodus 
nova Muscorum,^"* and again reduced under A. rupestris, 
with the (amended!) character — " caule simpliciusculo, foliis 
laxis imbricatis lanceolato-subulatis falcatis secundis, ner- 
vosis, perichsetialibus aequalibus mucronatis,"' which would 
almost incline one to believe that he had seen neither the one 
nor the other. Both species must, however, be kept up. 
Lastly, Dr Hooker has discovered to us, both in Scotland 
