NEWIOUNDI.AND. 
155 
lower in height than the amygdaloid, but higher than the 
trap-tuff. This rock extends from the foot of the Crow's 
Nest (it being of greenstone) to the foot of the Signal Hill^ 
or to the town of St John's, a thickness of six or seven 
hundred yards. The Crow's Nest, on which is built a 
sinall fort, is four hundred feet above the level of the sea. 
The principal constituent part of this rock is apparently 
felspar. Its most common colour is green, though some- 
times grey and red ; it is stratified, and sometimes possesses 
a beautiful slaty structure. The strata of the greenstone 
also run NE, and SW. ; their dip is to the NW., at a 
much smaller angle than the preceding rock, the inclination 
not exceeding 50°. 
Resting upon the greenstone we find the next rock clay- 
stone, the strata of which have the same direction and dip 
as the others, the angle of inclination, however, not being 
above 35° or 40°. The claystone formation extends two 
miles in thickness beyond the greenstone, occasionally alter- 
nating with strata of compact felspar, each stratum measur- 
ing from half a foot to a foot in thickness. The claystone 
being much softer than the rocks before described, the 
country where it prevails is also much lower. The town of 
St John's is built upon the claystone. In colour, it is most 
frequently grey, often also brown, dark-brown, red, whit- 
ish, and of other colours. It is often beautifully striped. 
It is fine-grained, smooth, and often conchoidal in the frac- 
ture. The strata of this rock are occasionally columnar, 
which is also sometimes the case with the greenstone ; and 
the columns are composed of round concentric balls. 
The next rock, whose direction, dip, and inclination are 
the same as those of the claystone, is compact felspar. This 
rock first alternates with the claystone, and then prevails 
alone for above a mile. Being harder than the claystone, 
the country composed of it is higher. Its colour is also 
