60 Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. 
However, I have seen some specimens in the Melbourne Museum, 
as I recollect, from this part of Northern Australia resembling the 
ruder examples I possess, but not showing the finer finish of the 
better samples. 
I may mention here that agate, calcedony, and quartz, both as 
vein-quartz and rock-crystal, are exceedingly abundant in Kim- 
berley, ranges of hills, sometimes extending five or six miles, and even 
more, being composed in the upper portion of pure white calcedony, 
with moss agates and various other forms of quartz, the result of the 
alteration, by pseudomorphism, of the limestone of which the main 
portion of these particular ranges of hills consist. 
Trom these agate hills the natives obtain the material for the 
manufacture of their flint implements, often utilising the rounded 
pebbles of agate carried down from them which abound in the beds of 
the rivers, but sometimes making these hills themselves at once the 
source and workshop. A small outlying range of agate hills on the 
Mayaret Eiver, in about lat. 18*3° south, was apparently one of their 
chief resorts, as the summit of one of the hills was covered with 
fragments of flints and rejected flakes ; and I thought it appropriate, 
therefore, to name an extensive range to the north, of which these 
agate hills are a part (being only divided by the river), Lubbock 
Kange — after the author of " Pre-historic Times." 
The impossibility of carrying away many specimens of these 
implements in a country, and under circumstances where every ounce 
of additional weight was a matter of deep consideration, was a source 
of deep regret. 
It is most interesting to compare these beautiful specimens with 
similar flint weapons of pre-historic times as figured by Lubbock and 
Evans. It will be seen that these represent the highest form of pro- 
jectile flint heads, or the leaf-shaped javelin form. A figure in 
Pre-historic Man" almost exactly anticipates the shape of these 
Australian barbs, and the inference that the pre-historic weapon was 
used as an arrow or javelin is fully corroborated by the usages of the 
Australians, who use their spears as projectiles, either throwing them 
simply by hand, or with the assistance of a " wommerah," or thrower, 
an instrument which is to all intents and purposes a primitive bow, 
and affords the means of giving strong initial velocity to these javelin- 
like weapons. 
My collection of spear-heads of various kinds shows a curious 
admixture, illustrating the adaptability of the modern savage to 
circumstances. 
