394 
Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. 
Deccan and Eengal, as is also true flax, " of wliich our sliirts are 
made." 
The hhang^ he says, is prepared from the pounded leaves, and some- 
times from the seed, and some mix green areca with it, others add 
nutmeg and cloves, Eornean Camphor, ambergris, musk, or opium. This 
composition, when taken, makes the Moors, who use it, intoxicated, and 
variously a:ffects different persons, some becoming witty or facetious, 
others sad and melancholy. It is supposed to be strongly aphrodisiac, 
and to increase the appetite. In this belief it is used by some of the 
Portuguese. Slaves and labourers found relief from their troubles by 
taking it. Linschoten's chapter on '■^Bangue^^ is almost verbal^ 
identical with that by Garcia. 
[References. — Clusius {Acosfa), p. 80 ; Ztnschoten, ii., p. 115-117 ; 
Ainslie, ii., p. 108 ; Fluchiger a7id Hanhury, p. 493 ; Khory, p. 502.] 
COLLOQUY IX. 
Do Benjut. 
[Benzoin — Gum Benjamin, the gum resin of Styrax henzoin^ 
Dryander. The Siam variety is considered by some to be from a 
distinct species.] 
Called commonly cominham (haminian) by the Malays ; henjuy de 
honinas was a superior variety, as also was amendoado, which had white 
almond-like patches in it, so named by the Portuguese ; loiianjaoy 
(luhdn Jdwi, i. e. incense of Java) by the Moors, udo {auda) by the 
Deccanis and Gujaratis {vrddha, Sanskrit). 
A large part of this colloquy is taken up with discussing the early 
references, or rather the supposed references to this resin. Garcia 
explains how it came to be confused with asa-f oetida, and shows that it 
was not produced in Judea or in Europe. It was a considerable export 
from India to Arabia, Turkey, and Persia. 
The valuable amendoado variety, came, he says, from Siam and 
Martaban — the blacker kind came from Java and Sumatra ; the henjuy de 
hdninas (i.e. of flowers) also came from Sumatra, and was, he believed, 
obtained from new trees. Garcia suggests that storax was mixed with 
this variety. He mentions, parenthetically, in this colloquy that 
Ludovico Yarthema was an author unworthy of credence. 
[References. — Linschoten, i., pp. 102, 112 ; ii., pp. 96-98 ; Bontius 
and Ftso, lib. iv., p. 42 ; Ainslie, i., p. 33 ; Fluckiger and JIanhury, 
p. 361 ; Xhory, p. 384. See also Glossary by Sir H. Yule for 
etymology and early notices.] 
