Ball — On the Colloquies of Garcia De Orta. 397 
Betel, he says, chiefly grows near the sea, but was also cultivated 
at Daulatahad and Bisnagua (Yijayanagar). He points out that it is 
quite distinct from the Folium Indum {malalathrimi), see Coll, xxiii. 
[Eeferences. — Clusius (Acosta), p. 23 ; Lifischoten, ii., pp. 53, 63, 
&c.; Bontius and Piso^ lib. vi., p. 91, fig.; Ainslie, ii., p. 269; Fluchiger 
and Sanhury, p. 607 ; Khory, p. 496, and YuWs Glossary, p. 67.] 
COLLOQUY XI. 
(i.) Do Calamo Aeamatico e das Caceeas. (2) 
(1). — [Ehizomes of Sweet flag, Acorus calamus, Linn.] 
It is called, according to Garcia, vaz {vdja) in Gujarat, lache {hdcha) 
in the Deccan, vasalu in Malabar, daringo {deringu) in Malaya, 
heger {eger) in Persia, vaicam in Concan, cassuh aldirira (= qagal al dha 
ira) in Arabia. 
Garcia maintains that it is only produced in India, in Gujarat 
and Balaghat, where it is largely cultivated, and is distinct from the 
acorus of Europe. He explains some of its topical names as being due 
to its having been imported into various places from India. He states 
that it is used as a medicine in India for diseases of men and women, 
and in the cold season it forms part of a compound called arata, which 
is given each morning to horses. 
[According to Flucliiger and Hanbury the acoron of Dioscorides 
and Pliny is certainly identical with this, and probably also the 
KaXa/jLos dpwfiaTLKo? of Dioscorides. It is now established as a wild 
plant throughout the greater part of Europe, and is cultivated in Burmah 
and Ceylon.] 
[Eeferences. — Litis clioteji, ii., p. 128 n ; Ainslie, i., p. 417 ; 
Flucliiger and Sanhury^ p. 613 ; Khory ^ 536.] 
(2). Das caceras. 
[Singhara Nut ? — Trapa hispinosa, Eoxb.] 
[It seems probable that the caceras of Garcia is the nut known now 
in Bengal as the singhara^ but his account of it is not very explicit.] 
He says : — " It is nothing but a fruit which grows in the mud under 
the ground, and afterwards, in the dry season, it shoots up and sends 
up a stalk as short as the forefinger, with leaves joined one with 
