398 
Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. 
another, and these leaves are very green, and of the form of the 
padana (?), and after the mud dries it shoots out like potatoes, and 
when dry tastes like common chestnuts, and before it is dry its smell is 
bad, . . . it is not used as physic." 
[These nuts are eaten by the poorer classes of natives, and are 
cultivated in swamps and tanks to a large extent in some parts of 
India. An interesting account of the cultivation in the W. Pro- 
vinces is given by Col. Sleeman in his *'Eambles," &c., vol. i., p. 101.] 
[References. — lOiory^ p. 301.] 
COLLOaUY XII. 
(1) De DiJAS MANEIEA.S DE CaNFOEA ; (2) E DAS CaEAMBOLAS. 
(i.) — [The two kinds of camphor — (1) Bornean camphor, from 
Dryohalmiops aromatica^ Gartn. ; (2) Chinese camphor, from Cinna- 
momum campliora^ Fr. ISTees.] 
Called capur and cafur by the Arabs. 
Garcia says that a pound of the Eornean camphor was worth a 
quintal of the Chinese. It was of four denominations, namely, head 
worth 80 pardaos the quintal ; Ireast, 20 ; legs, 12 ; foot, 4 or 5. 
He correctly describes camphor as an exudation, not the pith of the 
wood, as some supposed it to be. He says it was not known to the 
Greeks (this is confirmed by "Fluckiger and Hanbury). The Bornean 
kind came from Borneo, Bairros (i. e. Baros ? in Sumatra, not in 
Malacca, as he says) and Pacem (i.e. Pasei, also in Sumatra). Of the 
Chinese kind most came not from Canton but from Chincheo (a port in 
Fuh-kien, a province of China) ; it was made by the Chinese into 
lozenges, and it was believed that in the manufacture a certain 
proportion of the Bornean camphor was used. The Chinese kind was 
volatile, but the Bornean was not so. 
Garcia gives some particulars in this colloquy as to the wealth and 
value of the exports generally from China. 
[E^eferences. — Clusius {Acosta), p. 14 ; Linschoten, i., pp. 112, 120 ; 
II., pp. 67, 117, 118 ; Ainslie, i., p. 48 ; FlucMger and Sanhury, p. 458 ; 
Khory, p. 175.] 
(2) Das Caeambolas. 
[Carambola — Pruit of Averrhoa caramhola, Linn.] 
Called caramlola in Malabar ; camariz in Canara and the Deccan, 
and halimha in Malaya (Borneo ? See note on page 416). 
