400 
Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. 
[Keferences. — Linschoten^ ii., pp. 67, 86-88 ; Bontius and Fiso, 
lib. vi., p. 126, figs. ; Ainslie, i., pp. 52, 54; FlucTciger and Hanlury, 
p. 582; Khory, p. 519.] 
(2). — Caeandas. 
\_Karanda, Hin., fruit of Carissa carandas, Linn.] 
Garcia says the "Carandas abounds on the Continent and in Bala- 
guate (Balaghat). The trees are of the size of the arbutus, and the 
leaf also, and the flowers are many, and smell like woodbine when they 
are ripe. It is a very agreeable fruit, is black, and tastes like grapes ; 
and there was a man who made wine of it, and it yielded good must, 
and probably if there had been sufficient of it it would have become 
good wine. At first this fruit is green and of the size of a nut with its 
shell, and is larger in Ealaguate." When ripe it is eaten with milk and 
salt, and while green it is salted and eaten to produce appetite. "It is 
also preserved in vinegar and oil, to make achar (pickle). Similarly 
there are brought from Persia, and Arabia, green plums, and apples, 
and vine stalks, &c." 
[Eeferences. — Bo7itius and Fiso, lib. vi., p. 94, fig. ; Drury, Useful 
Flants, p. 116 ; Khory, p. 391.] 
COLLO QUY XIY. 
Da Cassia Etstfla. 
\_Cassia fistula, Linn., Cathartocarpus fistula, Pers,] 
Siraxamher {and chiarsamda/r apud Avicena) Arab ; comdaca, 
Malabar ; havasinga, Canara ; havassingua by the Brahmins of the 
Deccan ; gramalla {garamalo) by the Moors of Gujarat and the 
Deccan. The tree is called hao in Canara. 
The tree, Garcia says, is of the size of a pear-tree, and the leaves 
like those of the peach, the flowers being like those of the genista 
(i.e. brown cytisus). The pod [canna or cane) is from two tp five 
palms long. It is found wild throughout India and at Cairo ; but the 
best is from Cambay ; possibly it is found in Malacca and in Sof ala. In 
Cambay a handy weight of it, of 522 arretels, could be purchased for 
360 reals, or one pardao, whence Garcia considers the Portuguese to 
be more blest than the Spaniards, who get their sole supply from 
S. Domingo, where it had been introduced and flourished. In the 
