630 Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. 
called a candlestick, not a candle-holder such as that to which we give 
that name. 
I next exhibit a sketch of a rush-light candlestick, in which an up- 
right pincers has taken the place of the pincers at right angles with 
the shaft ; but still the old wooden influence is shown in the spring 
which is adapted to keep the pincers closed (fig. 1). It is ten and 
a-quarter inches in height and four inches wide at base. 
N^extl show a pincers candlestick standing in a wooden block fourteen 
inches high and between four and five inches wide at base. This candle- 
stick has no spring. Then a candlestick with a very nicely finished 
shaft of twisted iron, attached to an oak block or stand, with both a 
candle-holder and a rush-light holder. It stands fourteen and a-half 
inches high, and four and a-half inches wide at base. 
IS'ext I put forward a very well-finished rush-light and ordinary 
candle-holder combined, with twisted stem, and standing on four 
bowed and twisted legs united by an iron ring. It is twelve inches 
high and five inches wide at base (fig. 3). Then a much simpler candle- 
stick of the same pattern, but not twisted, nine and a-half inches in 
height and four inches wide at base. I also exhibit a rush-light 
candlestick of iron, for standing on the floor, which I have removed 
from the block in which it was inserted in order to enable me to carry 
it more easily. At present it is two feet seven and a-half inches in 
height, with a twisted stem. When inserted in its block it stood three 
feet high. In conclusion, may I say that in these days of progress, 
when the electric light may be seen under the shadow of Mount 
Leinster, and when even a pair of snuffers is an unknown implement 
to which no name could be be attached by many of our young people, 
it may not be undesirable to preserve some record of a method of house- 
hold illumination that is now very much a thing of the past. 
