two together never upon one plant. The first and siniplest 
kind was by tetraspores, which were simple cells divided 
into four bodies, either zoned, annular, cruciate, or tripartite, 
^nd arranged in groups upon the plants in a great variety of 
ways. Many examples of these were shown, some m special 
organs termed sporophylla, which themselves varied greatly 
in shape and position ; others naked and arranged on the 
rarauli in different ways; others contained in warts, or 
swollen portions of the frond, and others inside the ramuli 
and branchlets. The higher mode of fructification was by 
true spores, allied to seeds, the tetraspores being more analo- 
gous to buds. These spores were of various forms, but 
generally pear-shaped and in simple clusters, then termed 
ia^rellidia, which also were found in various positions, fre- 
quently imbedded in the outer portion of the wall of the 
frond, or in the interior, or on special branchlets, swollen or 
otherwise, whence they escaped by their own pressure break- 
ing an opening in the frond. Where these collections of 
spores were not immersed, and had a special envelope, 
they were termed favellje, and found attached to 
the branchlets with or without peduncles. A higher 
form of development consisted of a better defined 
conceptacle, with an inside envelope containing round bodies 
fall of spores, the whole being termed a coccidium, and 
sometimes imbedded, sometimes external, and forming a 
tubercle. The most complete reproductive organ was termed 
ceramidium, which differed from the lower forms in having 
a well-defined opening for the escape of the spores. It was 
remarkable that so many different forms of fructification 
should occur in the same genus, and with such certainty that 
they could be employed as specific characters. Mr. Leipner 
illustrated this paper with drawings and microscopic pre- 
parations of a very large number of species, which were 
examined with great interest by the members present. 
F. ASH MEAD, 
A. NOBLE, 
J. BARBER, 
T. H. YABBICOM. 
Secretaries, 
WM. LANT CARPENTER, 
Honorary Reporting Secretary. 
