— 77 ^ 
ascertained according to Umney-Schimmel & Co. and Verley and 
Bolsing; by the first method 78 ^/^ eugenol were found, by the 
second 72,8 and 72,9 ^/^ respectively. A methoxyl- determination by 
Zeis el's method, of the oil from which the phenols had been removed, 
gave the following result: 
1,527 gm. of the substance yielded 1,9613 gm. Agl. From this 
was calculated a content of 43,6 ^/q methyl eugenol in the oil free 
from phenol. 
By this examination the following have been detected as con- 
stituents of pimenta oil: 
1. cineol 
2. phellandrene 
3. caryopliyllene 
4. methyl eugenol 
5. eugenol 
6. palmitic acid. 
The presence of small quantities terpene alcohols is probable, but 
up to the present it was not found possible to prove this chemically. 
Pine-needle Oils. The fine Swiss distillate from the cones of 
Abies pectinata, also called 01. templim, could at last again be obtained 
in abundant quantities, whilst the oil from the needles of Abies 
pectinata — the commercial pine-needle oil — like the genuine oil 
from Finns montana^ could only be supplied under very difficult conditions 
and in insufficient quantities. The distillation carried on high in the 
Tyrolese and Styrian Alps is absolutely dependent upon the weather, 
and interruptions lasting from one to two months are in winter the 
order of the day. 
The fine Siberian pine-needle oil, an absolutely pure distillate with 
a fine, powerful and yet characteristic odour, comes more and more 
to the front. Its price is exceptionally low. Our sales of this oil last 
year reached an unusual height. It can be supplied in any quantit}^ 
The fact that certain aldehydes of the aliphatic series have an 
important bearing on the odour of some essential oils, has recently 
found further confirmation by our discovery of laurinic aldehyde in 
the oil of Abies pectinata, — a body which in the diluted state has 
a pleasant odour like pine needles, and whose occurrence in nature had 
up to the present not yet been observed. We isolated it by shaking 
the fractions of 3 kilos oil (800 to 900 gm.) which boiled above 82° 
(5 mm pressure), for a considerable time, in an extracting-apparatus, 
with bisulphite liquor; the bisulphite compound separated off in a slimy 
condition, was then purified with alcohol and ether, and from this 
