8 
FLORA AND SYLVA 
in almost any position and especially well in 
the dry borders against houses. There are 
several garden varieties of which the best is 
a^ne (also known as grandijiorum and ochol- 
eucum), with larger and more numerous flowers 
of a distinct creamy-white. Variegated forms 
exist, but are tender and poor in flower ; the 
best of these, known as aureum, is pretty in leaf 
for cutting, but can only be relied upon 
against warm walls in the south, or under 
glass in colder places. The double-flowered 
form, known as Duchess of Orleans^ is worth- 
less in the open but expands better in heat. 
Though in gardens of southern Europe the 
common Jasmine has given place to the large- 
flowered kind (y. grandijiorum)^ the plant is 
grown in some parts for the making of pipe- 
stems from the hollow shoots. Carefully 
trained, these may be had of 12 to 16 feet 
in one season, being protected by bands of 
varnished calico or linen, and sponged with 
citron-juice from time to time to induce the 
light colour fancied by wealthy oriental smok- 
ers. The finest of these pipe-stems fetch as 
much as ^20 apiece. 
Clustered Jasmine (y. paniculatum). — A 
scarce plant from southern China, thriving 
only in a stove where it flowers from early in 
the year. It bears oval evergreen leaves and 
tapering clusters of white flowers at the tips 
of the shoots. 
The Pink Jasmine [J. polyanthum). — A 
distinct and beautiful plant found by Delavay 
in Yunnan, North China, more than twenty 
years ago, yet still hardly known in gardens. 
In appearance it comes very near y. grandi- 
jiorum, but the leaves are much larger and of 
different shape, and the white flowers very 
long and slender, and prettily flushed with 
pale pink on the outside. Its way of growth 
is also distinct, spreading as a hedge-plant in 
its own country, by means of slender, twining 
stems more truly chmbing than in most other 
kinds. The leaves, composed of 5 or 7 leaf- 
lets, are thick, narrow, and of pale greyish- 
green, smooth save for hairy tufts upon the 
veins of their under surface. The flowers are 
borne in long, cone-shaped clusters at the ends 
of the branches, and as smaller heads upon 
side-shoots all along the stem, forming together 
the most graceful of white wreaths, and highly 
fragrant. 
The Primrose Jasmine {J. primulinum) . — 
This new hardy Jasmine from Yunnan was 
fully described with a coloured plate in our 
second volume, p. 168. It is an evergreen 
form of nudijiorum rather than a distinct species, 
for, though larger in leaf and flower, it does 
not differ from it in essentials. It is hardy in 
our country, even with severe frost and a cold 
aspect, so that with flowers nearly as large 
again as the Winter Jasmine, it promises to 
be a most useful plant to succeed it, flowering 
a little later in spring. It is easily increased 
from suckers or cuttings, small plants flower- 
ing freely. Semi-double forms exist, but are 
far less effective than the simple flowers. 
Hairy Jasmine (y. pubescens). — A good 
winter blooming greenhouse plant, hardly as 
graceful and not so free as J. gracillimum, but 
more refined as to fragrance and requiring 
rather less heat. It is best trained against a 
wall or the end of a house, and flowers from 
November through the winter, the large white 
clusters coming first at the tips and then from 
side-shoots, so as to be rarely without flowers. 
They hang together loosely, but absence of 
stalk gives a stiff appearance increased by a 
"collar" of small leaves beneath them; their 
fragrance is strong and penetrating, like that 
of the Arabian Jasmine [y. Sambac). The 
under side of the leaves, their stems, and the 
young shoots, are clothed with fine hairs from 
which the species takes its name. Increased 
by suckers, or cuttings of half-ripe wood rooted 
in early spring ; these will flower quite small 
if grown on freely in heat until summer, 
slowly hardened and then ripened in the open 
air, to be gently forced into flower from 
November as pretty pot plants for decoration. 
India and China. Syns. y. Iiirsutum, and multi- 
Jiorum. 
Yellow Nepaul Jasmine (y. revolutuni). 
— Though classed as a form of y. humile this 
handsome shrub is distinct in effect and ever- 
green, though it casts its leaves in severe frost 
and is sometimes cut to the ground. For this 
reason, though not really a climbing shrub it 
is grown mostly on walls, quickly covering a 
large space with its dark glossy leaves cut into 
leaflets. The flowers are bright yellow, com- 
ing in clusters at the tips of the shoots from 
the end of May into autumn, and very fragrant 
in a warm, sunny aspect. In sheltered gardens 
