KAFFBARIAN DWELLINGS. 223 
into the ground in a cir@le, the diameter of 
which is usually about twenty feet. These 
haying been firmly fixed into the earth, they 
are bent over at the top, and tied together. 
They next procure a number of thin thatch- 
ing rods, and tie them round the frame-work, 
at intervals of about a foot apart ; and on this 
skeleton they place bundles of grass, and sew 
it down with " reims " of leather. On the out- 
side they fasten similar rods, so as to keep 
the grass firm ; then smearing the floor with 
cowdung, and allowing it to dry thoroughly, 
their house is completed. 
They enter by means of a small aperture 
which they leave in the side, about three feet 
high and two feet wide, and which serves the 
treble purpose of door, window, and chimney. 
They place a large earthen pan in the centre 
of the floor, and on this they burn their fire, 
spreading around it their mats and skins, on 
which they sit and smoke, by day, and sleep, by 
night, to the number of about twenty or thirty 
in each hut. 
Their mats, baskets, earthenware pots ? pans, 
"milk-sacs" or bottles, beadwork bracelets, ank- 
lets, &c, are all the work of the women. Whilst 
pipes, snuff-boxes, "assegais," a knob-kerries," 
"karosses," girdles, "nutchies," spoons, and 
other like articles, form the employment of the 
