446 SOUTHERN AFRICA. 
commercial capital of the interior. Trade in 
ivory and wax is carried on with great vigour 
and success ; and large quantities of English 
cotton goods, are sent into the country beyond, 
by means of native or half blood Portuguese. 
The merchants treat their customers with great 
liberality. At the time I write, Captain Neves 
is preparing presents, consisting of cloth, beads, 
carpets, furniture, &c, of upwards of £50 value, 
for Matiamvo, the most powerful potentate East 
of this. This chief lives about longitude, 24° 
East, and monopolizes the trade, which but for 
him, might pass to tribes called Kanijika, be- 
yond him. 
" The deep valley of Cassange, is wonderfully 
fertile, but success in trade prevents the mer- 
chants from paying any attention to agricul- 
ture. The soil so far as present experience goes, 
would place Mr. Mechi's pipes for liquid ma- 
nure at a discount, for it requires nothing but 
labour : and the more it is worked, the more 
fruitful it becomes." 
#* % % # 
The following geological observations may 
not be unacceptable, as descriptive of the for- 
mation of this country. 
" The igneous rocks in the district of Ca- 
zengo, appear to have evidently run through 
gorges in the mountain ranges, and have tilted 
