APPENDIX. 
473 
fleshy ; teeth crowded, paved, small, sharp, and curved in hoth 
jaws. Soft rays of dorsal fin longest. Liver unequally three- 
lobed, gall-bladder of an oval form, and the pylorus provided 
with numerous coecal appendages. Air-bladder large. Tile-red, 
with shades of orange, white and yellowish-green ; marked on 
the sides with a few flesh-coloured spots. Belly white, tinged 
with orange. Palate and peritoneum greyish-white. Length 
from twelve to fifteen inches. — Called Jacob JEvertsen, after a 
Dutch Captain, remarkable for a red face and large projecting 
eyes. 
This fish though common to Table Bay almost at all seasons, is 
highly prized for its flesh, by most colonists. 
4. Sebastes Maccjlatus. Cuv. and Val. (Sancord.) Simi- 
lar to the former, but shorter, of a more slender form, and with 
eyes, neither projecting, nor mouth much gaping. Liver rather 
large, three-lobed ; gall-bladder narrow and club-shaped; pylo- 
rus without regular coecal appendices, but surrounded by a 
glandular greasy mass. Natatory bladder wanting ; palate and 
peritoneum black. Snout obtuse ; teeth criniform, arranged in 
a band around the inner edge of both jaws. Upper part of body 
tile-red, mingled with orange and shaded with brown. Scales 
with greenish-brown edges. Belly white, clouded with orange, 
and tinged with yellow. Length eight to twelve inches. Dorsal 
fin dim tile-red, sprinkled with yellowish-green irregular marks, 
and with darker chesnut-brown spots at the base of the mem- 
branous portion of its first spiny rays. Hue of pectoral, anal, 
ventral, and caudal fins, orange with carmin-red; the eight 
lower rays of the pectoral fins detached at top from their con- 
necting membrame. Iris yellow. 
A very delicious fish, but not very common. Caught chiefly in 
winter. Dr. A. Smith, in his illustrated work on South- African 
Zoology, has confounded this species with the former. Though in 
their general outlines closely related, both fishes are however easily 
discerned, not only by outward appearance, but yet more by their 
anatomical differences, the one having a swim-bladder, and the other 
not; and from the colour of the palate and peritoneum, which are 
white in the first species, but black in the second. 
SCLENI1NLE. 
5. Scijena Hololepidota. Cuv. and Val. (Kabeljauw.) 
Body elongated, stout. Head large, rounded, bony; mouth 
moderately large ; both mandibles armed in front with a row of 
strong, short, pointed, cylindrical, hooked teeth ; none on the 
palate. Dorsal fin divided by a deep notch ; its soft rays longer 
than the spiny. Caudal fin truncate. Head purplish-blue, with 
aurora-red, mottled with yellow and green shades. Back and 
