DISEASES AND TREATMENT OF THE HORSE 
109 
passes into the nostrils than can pass into the lungs, this 
being due to the wasting of the muscles of the larnyx, or 
Adam's apple. This condition causes the passage through 
the larnyx to be smaller than natural. The air rushing 
through this small passage into the lungs acts on the vocal 
cords, thus causing this peculiar sound. 
Causes. — This disease sometimes follows laryngitis, dis- 
temper or influenza, especially if the horse be put to work 
too soon after recovering from them. It may also be heredi- 
tary, that is when the sire or dam of the horse has been 
affected with roars. It may be caused by tight reining. 
Horses with very long necks and narrow jaws are liable to 
become roarers. 
Symptoms. — So long as the animal is not excited he is 
almost free from it, but if he is worked or driven hard he 
will show it quickly. 
Treatment. — If this disease is once well established it is 
incurable, but in cases where the disease is just developing, 
give 
Iodide of Potash % pound. 
Nitrate of Potash or Saltpetre 54 pound. 
Mix thoroughly and give a tcaspoonful twice a day, nig^ht 
and morning, in his feed. Blister the throat with 
Ground Spanish Flies or Cantharides 1 dram, 
Biniodid of Mercury dram. 
Vaseline, or Lard 1 ounce. 
Mix thoroughly together and apply around the throat. 
Rub in well and grease in three days afterwards. If he is 
not better in a month, blister again. In very bad cases it is 
sometimes well to perform tracheotomy, leaving the tube in 
the throat all the time except when taken out to clean, which 
should be done about every second day. We have known 
horses to work very well for a long time with the tube left in 
the throat that would be entirely useless without it This 
operation is described elsewhere under the head of "Tracheo- 
tomy." 
8. Spasms of the Muscles of the Larynx or Adam's Apple. 
This disease is not very often met with, but we find it 
sometimes affecting old horses. 
Cause. — The cause of this disease is not known. 
Symptoms. — The animal may appear in perfect health 
when he will be seized suddenly with a violent fit of cough- 
