DISEASES AND TREATMENT OF THE HORSE 181 
13. Aphthae or Thrush. 
At certain times this is 
a very common disease. 
Causes. — Certain kinds 
of food will cause one 
kind of aphthae, but the 
kind usually met with is 
infectious, meaning that 
the disease is communi- 
cated from one horse to 
another through the air, 
from stable to stable. 
Symptoms. — The horse 
at first appears to be dull 
and feeds poorly, has a 
1. Ulcers or Blisters on the Tongue. 
2. The Inner Lining of the Lips. 
Fig. 8.— Aphthae or Thrush. 
slight cough, runs down 
in condition, and sw^eats easily when working. A number of 
little pimples, like small blisters, make their appearance all 
over the tongue and on the inside of the lips and cheeks. 
These pimples or blisters are found all the way through the 
lining of the gullet, stomach and intestines, and in some 
cases the animal gets quite feverish and unable to do any 
vork. 
Treatment. — Give a half pint of raw linseed oil in a 
Irench. This will loosen the bowels and help to carry of? 
ihe disease. A dessertspoonful of ginger is a good thing to 
'-.^ive with the oil, after which give the following: 
Bicarbonate Soda J4 pound. 
Sulphur pound. 
Nitrate of Potash or Saltpetre 54 pound. 
Mix thoroughly and give a teaspoonful three times a day 
on the tongue with a spoon. Gargl^ the mouth out wdth 
alum water — two teaspoonfuls to a pint of water — with a 
^poro-e three times a day, until the pimples disappear. While 
the niouth is sore feed on soft food containing plenty of 
boiled fiax seed to keep the bowels loose. 
14. Injuries to the Lips and Cheeks. 
The lips and cheeks often become bruised or cut in vari- 
ous ways. If the skin be considerably broken it is best to 
stitch it up with a needle used for sewing up wounds. Place 
a twitch on the nose to keep the patient quiet. Use carriage 
