THE VETERINARY SCIENCE 
couple of hours the start, it is then a hopeless case. Give the 
following : 
Laudanum 1 ounce or 4 dessertspoonfuls. 
Extract of Belladonna 1 dram or 1 teaspoonful. 
Fleming's Tincture of Aconite 10 to 15 drops. 
Bicarbonate Soda 1 dessertspoonful. 
Ginger 1 dessertspoonful. 
Mix in a pint of lukewarm water, and give as a drench. 
The purpose of this drench is to relieve the pain and check 
the inflammation. Repeat every hour until the animal gets 
relief. Apply plenty of heat to the body by using large woolen 
blankets, wrung out of hot water. Hold these up to the belly 
and apply a half pail of hot salt in a grain bag to the back. 
In every case, after using the hot blankets, apply a mustard 
plaster, consisting of: 
Mustard Vi pound. 
Vinegar Enough to make it like paste. 
Rub this well over the belly. Do not give physic or in- 
jections in cases of this kind, as they only irritate the bowels, 
doing more harm than good. It is always best to keep the 
bowels quiet. If the animal is in good condition it is weii 
to take 4 quarts of blood during the first stage of the disease ; 
but if this is done do not give so much aconite. For after 
treatment feed on soft feed containing flax seed, which has 
a soothing efifect on the bowels. After death the bowels will 
be black, thickened and full of watery fluid. 
9. Constipation of the Bowels. 
Sluggish bowels loaded with food and manure constitute 
constipation. 
Causes. — It is oft^n a symptom of some other disease 
affecting the liver or stomach. It may follow distemper or 
influenza, which often leave the bowels unable to do their 
work, or it may be the result of paralysis of the bowels. 
Sometimes the eating of over ripe and inferior food — pea 
straw or barley straw will cause it. A large tumor growing 
on the inside may press on the bowels and thus prevent their 
proper action. 
Symptoms. — Little manure passes through, and what 
does come will be in little hard balls. The animal looks un- 
naturally full and shows slight signs of pain. He sometimes 
looks round at his sides or lies down and rolls. The pulse 
is but slightly changed. Put your ear to his side ^nd but 
very little movement of the bowels is noticeable. He eats 
