DISEASES AND TREATMENT OF THE HORSE 
from the top to :he bottom of it, to prevent it from pressing 
on itself. If a little lame, poultice the foot for a few days until 
the soreness is all out. After this apply a little of the same 
blister used for chronic founder, just above the crack in the 
hair. This stimulates the growth of the horn and makes the 
hoof grow. It also draws out all of the soreness. 
9. Caulks. 
This is common in the fall and spring when horses are 
sharp shod. 
Causes. — It is caused by the horse or his mate stepping 
on his foot and cutting around the top of the hoof. 
Treatment. — If it bleeds freely, apply Monsell's solution 
of iron. If this is not at hand, apply a pad of cotton batting 
and bandage tightly over it ; lea\ e it on for twenty-four hours. 
The danger in caulks is that sometimes hair and dirt gets 
worked down into the caulk and it begins to fester, working 
down into the foot. In all cases where he shows any signs of 
lameness, pare out the hoof around the caulk to the bottom 
of it, then poultice for a few days. Change the poultice twice 
a day to keep it hot and each time it is changed pour a little 
hot green salve into it. 
10. Overreach. 
This generally occurs in fast horses where they are 
speeded without having on quarter boots. They step too far 
with their hind foot and catch the heel of the front foot. 
Treatment. — Treat the same as a lacerated wound, and 
in all cases when speeding fast horses, use boots on them to 
prevent them from catching their quarters. 
11. Bruises of the Sole. 
Causes. — Stepping on a stone or any hard substance or 
pressure of the shoe on the sole may cause it. 
Symptoms. — He steps very long on the affected foot. 
Tap the sole of the foot with a hammer. He flinches when 
the bruised spot is struck. If the bruise is allowed to remain 
without being treated it commences to fester and the symp- 
toms are more severe. The horse will hardly be able to put 
his foot to the ground, and it is hot and swollen around the 
too. 
