DISEASES AND TREATMENT OF CATTLE 
369 
time give one pint of castor oil, which will bring the worm 
away all right. Young calves are more likely to be affected 
than cattle. Treat these the same, only give one-quarter of 
the dose. As soon as the worm passes away bring the animal 
back to its regular feed and habits gradually. 
24. Jaundice or Yellows. 
Causes. — This may be caused by congestion or inflam- 
mation of the liver, or by bile stones forming in the duct of 
the liver, damming back the bile. Stall-fed cattle are more 
liable to be affected by it. 
Symptoms. — Pressing on the right side of the belly 
causes the animal pain. The appetite is poor and there is 
little desire to drink much. The white of the eyes and the 
lining of the mouth and nose is of a yellow color. If a milk 
cow the milk falls off in quantity, and has a bitter taste like 
bile. The animal sometimes has a very painful cough, and 
soon runs down in condition and has a very dull appearance. 
Treatment. — Give 
Epsom Salts 1 pound. 
Salt 2 dessertspoonfuls. 
Mix in a quart of lukewarm water and give as a drench, 
but before doing so put one dram of dry calomel (which acts 
on the liver) on the tongue with a spoon. Wash it down 
with the drench. Repeat once or twice a week until the 
animal is better. Feed soft food, giving plenty of water to 
drink and gentle exercise every day. 
25. Fluke Disease. 
This occurs in cattle and sheep pasturing on low-lying 
lands, and is more frequently met with in rainy seasons. 
Causes.—Animals drink the eggs of the flukeworm from 
pools of water, or take them in along with the grass. After 
they get into the stomach in this way they pass into the 
blood along with the nourishment, and then through the 
blood until they come to the liver, where they lodge and 
form into flukeworms. Here they deposit their eggs, which 
pass down out of the liver along with the bile, then out of 
the system along with the manure. They become dry and 
are blown into pools of water and over the grass, where 
animals again take them up. In this manner the worm gen- 
erates. 
