138 
SILUEIA. 
[Chap. VII. 
lata &c, PI. XX. et seq. It even contains, in one or two spots, the remains 
of Pishes. 
At Hagley Park, distant only two miles from the north-western end of 
the Woolhope ellipse, and four miles east of Hereford, the uppermost beds 
of the Ludlow formation have been exposed from beneath their cover of 
red clay and marl ; and there the thin bed containing Pish-bones and the 
Crustacean Pterygotus was found by Mr. H. Strickland to be just in the 
same relative position as at Ludlow *. This spot marks a minor undula- 
tion, or dome, of Ludlow rock, the surface of which only is visible : a much 
greater mass of the formation has been protruded in the adjacent hill of 
Shucknall, as formerly described (Sil. Syst.). At Hagley Park the Pish- 
bed, scarcely exceeding an inch in thickness, lies between strata of 
brownish and yellowish sandstone (the Downton Castle stone) and a grey 
micaceous shale full of Upper Ludlow fossils. The Pish-remains are 
chiefly those of the minute shagreen scales (PI. XXXV. f. 18), the fin-rays 
Onchus Murchisoni and 0. tenuistriatns (figs. 13-17), with coprolites 
(figs. 21-28). In the sandy beds above these there are the carbonized 
remains of vegetables ; and among them Mr. Strickland detected some 
of the minute globular bodies mentioned before, which Dr. Hooker has 
ascertained to be seed-vessels belonging to Plants of the order Lycopo- 
diacesef. Similar vegetable traces have been observed at various places 
around the external rim of the Woolhope ellipse, as near Stoke 
Edith &c. 
Since the publication of the first edition of this work, the Bone-bed has 
been discovered at Brockhill, by the late Rev. P. Dyson, and by Mr. Salter 
at Hales End, both near Malvern, where it is a calcareous layer, full of 
common Ludlow shells, and overlain by Downton sandstone. 
Again, in the southernmost prolongation of the Silurian group of May 
Hill and Huntley Hill, where I formerly described the whole Silurian 
series as reduced to one thin mass of Ludlow rock, having the Old Red 
Sandstone on one side, and the New Red on the other, my lamented friend 
Mr. Hugh Strickland detected one of these thin layers of Pish-bones in pre- 
cisely the same position as at Ludlow. 
In the arched or dome-shaped masses of Upper Silurian rocks which rise 
out from beneath the Old Red Sandstone at Pyrton Passage on the Severn, 
Professor Phillips has also noted the remains of small Pish-bones in the 
Upper Ludlow rocks $. 
Recognizing the original Bone-bed of the Ludlow rock on the face of 
Bradnor Hill near Kington, Mr Richard Banks has shown that it is there 
overlain by liver-coloured strata containing Chonetes lata, Orthonota 
* I visited the spot since the discovery, in com- Hooker : Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. xvii. p. 162. 
pany with Mr. Strickland. See his descriptions J Mem. G-eol. Surv. of Great Brit. vol. ii. part 1. 
of these beds in the south of Herefordshire and in The succession of the Silurian rocks in the dislo- 
Gloucestershire : Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. Lond. cated tract of Tortworth, to the S.E. of Pyrton 
vol. viii. p. 381, and ib. vol. ix. p. 8. Passage, is described in detail in the ' Silurian 
t These seed-vessels or spore-cases are now System,' p. 99. 
known by the name Pachytheca spheerica, § Formerly known as Trochus helicites. 
