Chap. X.] 
UPPEE SILUEIAN COEALS. 
219 
like a small-celled Favosites, and was named F. spongites in the Sil. Syst., is 
very characteristic. It is known by the oblique or compressed mouths of the 
cells, Foss. 18. f. 5, p. 119. 
Coenites juniperinus, Foss. 20. f. 3. p 120, may easily be recognized by the 
curious linear mouths of the cells : this species abounds in the Woolhope Lime- 
stone of Presteign, and, with C. intertextus, Eichw. (Limaria fruticosa, Sil. 
Syst.), may be found on almost every fragment of Wenlock Limestone. Occa- 
sionally a fine large species, C. labrosus, Milne-Edwards, occurs at Dudley. 
There are several kinds of Tube-corals (such as the Chain-coral or Halysites) 
and certain species of Syringopora which are abundant. The latter genus is no 
less curious in its growth than in its structure. When quite young, its divari- 
cating trumpet-shaped tubes creep over the surface of larger Corals and Shells ; 
and in that state it was figured in the ' Silurian System ' as Aulopora serpens * 
(see Foss. 20. f. 2). It next begins to grow upwards ; and each open mouth of 
the tubes lengthens, and becomes a flexuous stem, occasionally throwing out a 
lateral buttress in concert with its neighbour. These buttresses or buds are 
hollow, and where they touch each other they coalesce, forming a connecting 
tube ; and the mass, increasing in size upwards, becomes a Syringopora, the 
tubes often branching, and uniting with those nearest them, until the Coral at- 
tains its full size. Syringopora fascicularis, Linn. (S. filiformis ?, Sil. Syst.), and 
S. bifurcata, Lonsd., of which Foss. 20. f. 4, is the lower branched portion, and 
Fossils (53). Corals op the Upper Silurian Eocks. 
1. Thecia Swindernana, Groldf. (Porites expatiata, Sil. Syst.). 2. A section magni- 
fied. 3. Palasocyclus porpita, Linn. (Cyclolites lenticulata, Sil. Syst.), and a magnified 
portion. 4. Under side of the same. 5. Ptychophyllum patellatum, Schloth. (Strom- 
bodes plicatum, Sil. Syst.). 6. Arachnophyllum (Strombodes, M.-Edw.) typus, M'Coy ; 
and a few of its lamellas magnified. 7. Petraia bina, Lonsdale ; the interior cast, and 
a portion magnified. 8. End view of the same. 
f. 5 the ascending stems, are common kinds. ' Aulopora serpens,' ' A. tubaefor- 
mis,' and 'A. conglomerata ' of the 'Sil. Syst.' are the young or basal portion of 
one or other of these species. There are one or two rarer forms — Thecia (Aga- 
ricia) Swindernana, Foss. 53. f. 1, and Labechia conferta, Lonsd. (Monticularia, 
Sil. Syst.) — not so obviously belonging to the group we have just noticed, viz. 
* [Milne-Edwards and Haime have shown these to be the young of Syringopora. Prof. E. Forbes 
had been of the same opinion for some years, but had not published it. — J. W. S.] 
