Chap. XV.] 
DEVONIAN KOCKS IN SAXONY ETC. 
385 
palseontological labours of Count Miinster, have recently been much more fully 
illustrated by Geinitz and Richter. 
The lands being densely wooded, it is exceedingly difficult to trace any abso- 
lute junction of these Devonian rocks with the subjacent Lower Silurian of the 
Thiiringerwald. That they lie, however, irregularly upon their older neighbours 
is manifest from the faithful delineation of their outlines in Richter's geolo- 
gical map, in which the Devonian, or the ' Rothe Grauwacke ' of that author, 
constitutes patches or hummocks only, in relation to a great spread of the more 
ancient rocks * ; and that this is their true position I can affirm from observation. 
The extent to which this Devonian group of Thuringia, Franconia, and 
Voigtland can be paralleled in its details with that of the Rhenish Provinces of 
Prussia is not yet completely ascertained ; for, beginning with what is now 
usually recognized as the lowest fossiliferous rock of the Rhine, or the ' Spiriferen- 
Sandstein,' I have not been able there, any more than in Russia (p. 364), to 
detect such strata infraposed to the fossiliferous limestones. 
The next question then is, can we even divide the Devonian of this region 
in Central Germany into lower and upper limestones, as is done in Devonshire 
and the Rhenish Provinces ? 
This separation has, indeed, been partially made by Geinitz, who places at 
the bottom of this group certain schists near Ronneburg, which Naumann has 
identified in several other localities. These schists contain Tentaculites lsevi- 
gatus, Romer, and T. subconicus, Gein., with Phacops. Then follow certain lime- 
stones near Plauen, Wildenfels, and other localities, including the well-known 
Elbersreuth, which are also classed as older Devonian. These are characterized 
by Orthoceras interruptum and 0. dimidiatum, Miinst., Clymenia laevigata and 
C. linearis, Miinst., Corals, and Crinoids. Then succeed stratified igneous rocks, 
some of which are greenstones, others coarse trappean breccias, and others, again, 
finely levigated ash-beds, occasionally calcareous and undistinguishable from 
the ' Schaalstein ' of the Rhine (Plauschwitzer-Schichten of Naumann). Above 
these lies the Clymenia-limestone, properly so called, in which many fossils 
abound, including Goniatites and several species of Posidonomya (P. inversa 
and P. regularis, Goldf., &c), together with a vast profusion of the little 
bivalved Entomostracan known as Cypridina serrato-striata, Romer. Not 
professing to have worked out the proofs of all these subdivisions, I must say 
that, in those tracts which I have examined, there are no evidences of two 
Devonian limestones, separated from each other by slaty rocks as in England 
and on the Rhine. 
In short, I have nowhere seen in Saxony, or the adjacent districts, a full re- 
presentative of the Eifel Limestone as characterized by its Stringocephali, Cal- 
ceolse, &c, overlain by another which represents the Clymenia-rock of England 
* See Beitrag zur Palaontologie des Thiiringer- eluding Orthoceras, Gomphoceras, and Cyrtoce- 
Waldes, von Eeinhard Eichter (Dresden and Leip- ras), Clymenia 6, Goniatites 4, Gasteropods 8 
sic, 1848) ; and Die Versteinerungen der Grau- species, Lamellibranchs 24 species, Braehiopods 
wacken- Formation in Sachsen, &c, von Hans 11 (including the universal Atrypa reticularis), of 
Bruno Geinitz (Leipsic, 1853). In the first part of Crinoids 9 or 10 species, and about 11 kinds of 
his able work, Professor Geinitz describes and Corals are also enumerated. 
figures many species of Graptolites,before referred Several other Braehiopods are described by 
to, p. 383 ; and in the second he adds to these the Richter in a more recent paper (' Thuringischen 
following Silurian fossils : — Nereograpsus tenuis- Schiefergebirge.' Zeitschr. deuts. geol. Gesells. 
simus, Emmons ; Orthoceras Brongniarti, Troost ; Jahrg. 1866), where no less than twelve species 
O. tenue, Wahlenberg ; Leptocheles (Ceratioca- identical with our Wenlock and Ludlow shells 
ris ?) Murchisoni, Agass. ; Tentaculites tenuis, are mentioned, besides the well-known Bivalves 
Sow. ; Pterinea Sowerbyi, M'Coy ; Nucula lsevata, Cardiola interrupta and C. striata. They are Spi- 
Hall ; a Cytherina (?), and Orthis callactis, Dalm. rifer plicatellus, Spirigerina (Athyris) obovata, Sp. 
These fossils, however, are very obscure, and their (Atrypa) reticulatus,Atrypa Grayii, Rhynchonella 
identification therefore doubtful. In the Devonian deflexa, Orthis callactis, O. calligramma, Stropho- 
rocks he describes one genus of Trilobite (Pha- mena pecten, St. imbrex, Leptsena laevigata, L. lata, 
cops) only, of chambered shells 24 species (in- and Orbiculoidea Forbesii. 
2 c 
