VIOLETS AND THEIR CULTIVATION. 
21 
'Queen Charlotte/ ' Askania,' and 'Baronesse de Rothschild' 
are probably slight but appreciable advances on - California.' 
Of the old type of single Violets the best examples are ' Wellsiana/ 
' Victoria Regina,' and ' Admiral Avellan.' 
Other interesting single Violets are ' Sulphurea,' ' Argentiflora,' 
' John Raddenbury,' and ' Semperflorens,' which is about identical 
with the French 'Quatre Saisons.' 
j 
Doubles. 
"A few years ago it would have been impossible to deny the place 
of honour to ' Marie Louise.' But ' Queen Mary ' and ' La Belle Paris ' 
are distinctly better. The former is finer, and the latter freer in blossom. 
' Lady Hume Campbell ' is still the best of its class. ' Neapolitan ' 
and f Mrs. J. J. Kettle ' are similar. Both are extremely delicate in 
colour, and of delightful fragrance. 
' Comte de Brazza ' is the best double white. 
Other interesting doubles are ' Mrs. J. J. Astor,' with a remarkable 
colour and penetrating perfume ; ' Madame Bertha Barron ' with 
symmetrical black-violet blossoms ; and ' Belle de Chatenay,' which 
gives fragrant flowers like double white Primroses. 
I have spoken about Violets blooming at a season of the year when 
flowers are scarce. But as a matter of fact, with a little management, 
you may have Violets in flower for ten months. I bought seventy 
rooted cuttings of ' Semperflorens ' at is. each some years ago. I 
bought them in the spring, and grew them on well. By July they 
had made good clumps and were smothered with blossoms. I was 
very proud of them, and I well remember a florist who saw them 
offering me 5s. a clump. He said that some people expected 
Violets all the year round, and he wanted them for wreaths and 
crosses, as he had never been able to get Violet blooms in July. 
' Wellsiana ' will follow in August, ' Victoria Regina ' in September, 
and then there is an abundance until Christmas. 
' Noelie ' is a real Christmas-flowering Violet, a first-class 
variety, sweet scented, very prolific, and of fair size. ' Lady Hume 
Campbell ' and ' Belle de Chatenay ' will flower on well into May, if 
grown in a cool position. 
Diseases. 
I must say a word or two about the chief diseases which attack 
Violets. The most fatal of all seems to be the fungus disease 
commonly called "spot," scientifically called Alternaria violae. In 
Volume XXVI., Parts II. and III., of the Journal of the R.H.S., there 
are three papers on this disease, which deal with it far more trenchantly 
than I can hope to do. And yet Mr. Dorsett declares " that at present 
no effective remedy for this disease has been found when it has gained 
a foothold. The usual spraying with fungicides has produced little 
