66 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY, 
the chemicals, while for gases Ward tubes and moist chambers were 
utilized. The results are recorded in Table I. 
Table I.— The Effect of Various Strengths of Chemical 
Solutions and Gases upon Tylenchus. 
Solution* 
Strength of Solution. 
Time of 
Examination. 
Results. 
r ULdbblum bUljJllcLLc . 
i per cent, 
- 
2 days 
.. 
alive 
x \J ittool 1 1 Ail oulL/XJJ. LiC • 
T 
1 >> 
2 >> 
Kainit 
1 » ' 
3 ,1 
alive 
VAJIHJ.11UJ.1 belli . a 
1 >> 
3 >> 
alive 
Lime water . 
I 
6 „ 
1 day 
alive 
Potassium permanganate 
0-125 „ 
dead 
Nicotine 
i 
2 days 
alive 
Formalin 
commercial 40 per cent. 
15 minutes 
dead 
Formalin 
5 
2 days 
w 
Carbolic acid 
1 
1 day 
Ammonia o*88o (vapour) 
full strength 
2 minutes 
}) 
Benzole (vapour) . 
>> 
1 minute 
>> 
Carbon -bisulphide 
(vapour) . 
»» 
>> 
M 
Methylated spirit . 
»» 
>» 
It will be seen that the eelworms can withstand many solutions 
with no apparent ill effect, while other solutions act very injuriously 
towards them. Substances which are readily volatilized appear to be 
the most effective. It is interesting to note the effect of solutions 
of potassium sulphate and kainit, as dressings of these chemicals 
have been frequently recommended for keeping Tulip Root of 
Oats and Clover Sickness (diseases caused by the same pest) under 
control. 
Effect of Treating Bulbs with various Chemical Solutions. 
A long series of experiments was arranged in the autumn of last 
year, in the endeavour to find a palliative measure. Bulbs were 
soaked in a large number of chemical solutions for various lengths 
of time, healthy and diseased bulbs being treated in exactly the 
same manner. The confronting problem was to divide the bulbs into 
the respective classes — healthy and diseased. It is quite impossible, 
without cutting open the bulbs, to distinguish a slightly infected 
bulb from one which is perfectly healthy. The method adopted 
cannot be claimed to be infallible. Stocks of the varieties ' Emperor ' 
and ' Sir Watkin,' as healthy as it was possible to secure, were obtained, 
samples of the bulbs being v carefully examined for the presence or 
absence of eelworms. These stocks were classed as healthy. The 
diseased bulbs of the same varieties were obtained from stocks which 
had shown the characteristics of the disease during the growing season : 
these bulbs were then hand-sorted, and all those which were soft and 
had damaged bases were discarded as being incapable of growth. 
They were then " topped " in the manner explained on p. 56 in 
