100 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
mean temperature was due. At Wisley on the warmest day the 
temperature did not exceed 70 0 , and the mean of all the maxima 
throughout the month was only a little above 6o°. The effect of this 
continued absence of warmth soon became apparent in the Garden : 
in one district the leaves of trees exposed to the north became 
withered, chestnuts became quite brown, and beeches looked as 
they usually do in autumn. At Wisley all vegetation was slow 
in growth ; such things as peas did not fill well, and tomatos set in- 
differently, whilst mildew spread rapidly in rose beds. The rainfall 
at Wisley was less than the average, but in several parts of the 
kingdom it largely exceeded it, especially in the far north ; speaking 
generally, however, the month was one of moderate wetness. 
The results of the daily observations at Wisley are summarized in 
the following table : 
Mean temperature of the air in shade .... 53 9° 
Highest ,, 70 0 on the 24th 
Lowest „ „ „ 37° »» 17 th 
„ „ on the grass 27 0 „ 3rd 
Number of nights of ground frost ....... 5 
At depth of 
1 ft. 2 ft. 4 ft. 
Mean temperature of the soil at 9 a.m. . . . 56-2° 55'3° 53"2° 
Highest „ „ 586 0 568° 54-5° 
Lowest „ „ „ ... 53-8° 538 0 527° 
Mean relative humidity of the air at 9 a.m. (complete saturation being repre- 
sented by 100), 77 per cent. 
Rain fell on 16 days, to the total depth of 1-55 in. (equivalent to about y\ 
gallons of water to the square yard). Heaviest fall on any day 0-25 in., on the 
4th. 
The prevailing winds were south-westerly. 
The average velocity of the wind was 5 miles an hour. 
There were 151 hours of bright sunshine, equal to 31 per cent, of the greatest 
possible amount. 
There was only 1 day on which no sunshine was recorded. 
July. — The type of weather which had caused the cold and gloomy 
conditions of June persisted throughout the first half of July, and little 
or no improvement was shown throughout that period ; but soon after 
the second half of the month had been entered upon a change took 
place, and very welcome warmer weather set in. The improvement 
was not general, however, all over the kingdom, and the eastern parts 
of England, and some other districts, were still waiting for summer 
conditions to show themselves. At Wisley the highest temperature 
occurred on the 29th, when 83 0 was reached ; and for the first time in 
the year the month passed without a ground frost being recorded at 
the Gardens. The month was also a dry one over the kingdom generally, 
and at Wisley the fall of rain only reached half the normal amount. 
The record of bright sunshine was low everywhere, and at the Society's 
Gardens averaged only 5 \ hours a day, or thirty-five per cent, of 
the possible amount ; during the last three days this had increased 
to 13 hours a day. The effect of the warmer weather soon be- 
came apparent in the Gardens, and all the more so as vegetation had 
been checked for so long. Peas especially made extraordinary growth, 
and by the close of the month were two feet above their normal height. 
