284 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY, 
would see the countless spikes of the Irises bright in the sunlight and 
probably reflected in the water, whilst where you stood and all around 
you would be masses of Epimediums, Double Welsh Poppies, Orchis 
foliosa, Lady Ferns and Ostrich Ferns grouped with the beautiful 
plumose forms of the Aspidiums, and above them in the higher ground 
Lilium rubellum might be seen in flower and Lilium Szovitzianum, the 
white Martagon Lily, and fine contrasting foliage of Solomon's Seal 
and Plantain Lilies. 
There is practically no limit to the planting that may be done in 
moist woodlands. Clearing must be done with care and skill, so as 
to preserve the best features of tree and shrub life, especially taking 
care of the Silver Birches — their graceful outline and foliage is so 
valuable. A small clearing by the water with Silver Birches a few 
yards distant will be made a delightful picture if the space in the 
foreground is planted with white and yellow Polyanthus. Again, in 
another clearing, where there is plenty of room, plant a tall golden 
Weeping Willow \ then, in the latter part of April, it will be a cascade 
of pale gold, whilst at its feet masses of pale golden Trollius or Primula 
sikkimensis would rill in and make a perfect picture. In early spring 
great use should be made of the Wood Anemones, especially the sky-blue 
A. Robinsoniana and the newer varieties, Alleni and ' Vestal/ which are 
twice the size in flower with double the vigour of growth. In open spaces 
good use may be made of the blue and white Apennine Anemones j 
but here the ground must not be too moist. A good illustration of this 
suggestion will be seen in " Gardening Illustrated " for August n, 
1917. 
It will be noticed that many of the plants named are not true 
water-side plants j but the point I wish to emphasize is that all plants 
look so much better when seen in conjunction with the stream or 
water's edge. Walking through the wood and looking across the 
stream from time to time at masses of plants growing in close proximity, 
the water will give added life to the picture. 
So far our remarks have only referred to the small stream passing 
through the woodland, but more often than not these streams lead 
to a pond, and should such a position occur it is best to deal with it 
carefully, clearing out around the same and forming one or two long 
vistas throughout the woodland, so as to make the pond the central 
feature. Let the principal vistas be fairly straight and not serpentine, 
because, above all, you want to see into the woodland and get the 
distant effect of light and shade. In forming such vistas an 
occasional fine tree trunk or group of stems makes a splendid 
termination or a centre for tracts to cross. On either side of the 
green ways there must be informal groupings or planting, saving what 
is best of the natural growth and adding to it. Free growing roses 
in informal masses, such as 'The Garland,' 'Carmine Pillar,' 'Una/ 
Penzance Briars, &c, which only require a little thinning and cutting 
back, will form large mounds and, running up adjacent trees, cascades 
of flowers. Clematis of the Montana type and Flammula and Viticella 
