PERGOLAS. 
297 
The desire for great masses of colour is rather overdone. I think 
it is a mistake when a pergola occupies a prominent position to limit 
its reign of glory to a comparatively short burst of Rose bloom. If 
other plants are also introduced in which the tints and texture of the 
foliage are considered, the sum of the season's enjoyment is consider- 
ably increased. Density of foliage at calculated points is important 
in producing effects of perspective, and the flecks of sunlight and 
bars of shade on the pergola floor give character to the interior. A 
heavy evergreen at the entrance will make an inviting contrast with 
the outside glare, or a good result follows the planting of a rampant 
climber, such as a vine, which will sprawl over the first arch and 
clutch also at some architectural feature to which the pergola is 
keyed. Planting which helps to unify a pergola with its surroundings 
serves a good purpose. 
I remember an instance in a Devonshire garden where a sturdy 
Fuchsia was growing on a pier and looked as if it had stepped from a 
large adjoining group of these shrubs to make acquaintance with the 
pergola. Through the arches of the latter one saw a bank of Heather 
sloping to the foot of the piers. The pergola was planted almost 
entirely with claret-leaved Vine and reddish-purple Clematis. A pink 
Rose or two and the large mass of Fuchsias close by gave the whole 
thing a very warm and comfortable effect. 
It is scarcely necessary for me to re-enumerate the many plants 
which are so often recommended. The most favoured are perhaps 
the varieties of Vine, Rose, Clematis, and Wistaria. 
Vines are most useful when shade is required for its own sake, 
and everyone knows the beauty of the autumn tints of such species 
as Vitis Thunbergii, Coignetiae, Henryi, and others. Clematis is, 
I think, almost my favourite plant for pergolas. The more rampant 
species, such as montana, Flammula, and Vitalba, are such honest hard 
workers and their habit is so graceful. Other beautiful sorts are 
insufficiently used. I give below a selection kindly furnished me by 
Mr. A. Jackman. 
Roses for the pergola have already furnished material for many a 
chapter, and I need not enter upon this big subject. I give a list of 
Roses Mr. G. Paul is good enough to recommend. 
The Wistaria at its best is unbeatable. The graceful foliage, 
beautiful flowers, vigorous growth, and picturesque stems, make it 
perhaps the most striking of all plants for a pergola. 
An unusual advantage of the Wistaria is that the interior of a 
pergola gets the benefit of a good share of the blossom. The white- 
flowering varieties show up extremely well, and a combination of 
mauve Wistaria and Laburnum is very effective. The vigour of 
Wistaria is astonishing. There was, and no doubt still is, at Cold 
East, in Devonshire, a great plant entirely monopolizing a pergola 
crossing the whole width of the kitchen garden. 
Fragrance must not be forgotten, nor the virtues of Honeysuckle 
and Jessamine in this respect. 
