342 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
summer, makes another grand display in the autumn, when the 
foliage changes to a rich yellow colour. 
Liquidambar styraciflua is a beautiful tree with leaves resembling 
those of some of the Maples. The colour changes in the autumn to a 
bright red. This tree likes a moist loamy soil. The brightest- 
coloured specimen I have seen was growing by the side of a lake, 
about 3 feet above the water level. 
Among the Conifers there are several trees that are valuable for 
their winter colouring. Where there is room for Cedrus atlantica 
glauca few will deny themselves the pleasure of possessing this beautiful 
silvery-leaved tree. It is, of course, silvery in the summer as well 
as in the winter, and so also is that most beautiful of all spruce firs, 
Picea pungens glauca, which is commonly known as the Blue Spruce. 
The foliage and shoots of Cryptomeria elegans are dark green until 
the approach of winter, when they change to a bronzy-red, which is 
very attractive, and forms a fine contrast to conifers with silvery or 
golden foliage. Cupressus Lawsoniana lutea retains its yellow colour 
throughout the winter, and the foliage of C. Lawsoniana Allurni is of 
a bluish tint. There are many others, but these are a few of the 
most distinct. 
In the generality of gardens there is more room for shrubs than 
for taller-growing trees ; therefore it is fortunate that among the 
lower-growing species there is a wide choice of beautiful subjects for 
providing autumn and winter colour, either by means of leaf, berry, 
or bark. 
We will first make a selection from those having coloured leaves. 
The Japanese Maples are pre-eminent for the brilliancy of their 
autumn colouring, and in the case of many varieties the young foliage 
is equally attractive in the spring. This makes these Maples doubly 
valuable. The young shoots are rather liable to be injured by late 
spring frosts, and for that reason it is wise to plant in a position where 
the early morning sun cannot shine on the trees while they are frozen. 
These Maples are varieties of Acer palmatum, and probably the most 
brilliantly coloured variety is atropurpureum, though nearly all are 
more or less attractive. The leaves of some of the varieties are very 
curiously mottled. Japanese Maples are slow-growing, and should 
not be planted where they are likely to be overgrown by stronger- 
growing shrubs. They love a deep loamy soil. 
In soils that are free from lime, the deciduous Azaleas (or Rhodo- 
dendrons as they are now named) of the Ghent and Ponticum groups, 
should be freely planted. These have flowers of many delightful 
shades, which are followed in the autumn by leaf tints that are equally 
charming. They are very suitable for the pleasure-ground, and may 
also be planted in the more open parts of the wood. 
Amelanchier canadensis is another shrub which provides a rich 
autumn display, and is also one of our prettiest spring-flowering shrubs. 
Its popular name, the ' Snowy Mespilus,' well indicates the appearance 
of a good specimen in full bloom. It is sometimes grafted on the 
