SOME HINTS ON THE MANURING OF GARDEN CROPS. 357 
with guano or a soluble complete manure. If the growth is too slow, 
a light dressing of nitrate of soda or sulphate of ammonia will be found 
beneficial. 
Cauliflower and Broccoli. — These require more phosphates than 
other green crops because they are grown for the flower. Some form 
of bone manure will be found most useful ; on soils where it is suit- 
able (notably those of a light or loamy nature rich in lime) super- 
phosphate may be used. It is inadvisable to use superphosphate 
on heavy soils owing to its bad mechanical effect. 
Peas, as has been stated, require phosphates because they are 
grown for the seed, and for the same reason, and seeing that they 
belong to the Order Leguminosae, potash also. The soil must not be 
deficient in lime. They require a little nitrogen to start the growth 
and to maintain the balance of vigour between the plant and the nodule- 
bacteria that live on their roots and obtain nitrogen from the air for 
their host plant. They are shallow rooted, and the manure must 
therefore not be put too deep. 
Beans require similar treatment, but are grosser feeders and more 
deeply rooted. They grow more woody tissue and therefore require 
more nitrogen. Dung is frequently ploughed in for them with good 
results. They also grow well on meat meals. 
Potatos have to make and store up a large quantity of starch in 
a comparatively short growing period, they therefore respond to potash 
and a quick-acting manure. They will do better on a soluble arti- 
ficial manure than on dung, and pay for liberal treatment. 
Tomatos must have phosphates to produce fruit, and potash to 
swell and colour it. They belong to the Order Solanaceae, which 
also indicates potash. Too much nitrogen will produce soft growth 
with a preponderance of leaf and stem. 
Onions require nitrogen to give a vigorous growth, and potash to 
enable them to store the food quickly. They are very shallow-rooted, 
so top-dressings should be used. Soot will be found to be a good 
manure for this crop, especially on heavy soils ; a high-grade meat meal 
or dried blood is also suitable. 
Cereals. — All want phosphates for the formation of the grain. 
Winter wheat requires more nitrogen than the other cereals because 
it has to stand through the winter. 
Fruit. — Plums, gooseberries, loganberries, and raspberries are gross 
feeders and will take more nitrogen than other fruit crops. Lasting 
manures should be used, such as dung and other nitrogenous organic 
manures. Plums and gooseberries respond excellently to crushed 
hoof or high-grade meat meal ; a medium meat meal or fish being 
excellent dressings for loganberries and raspberries. 
Apples, currants, and strawberries, on the other hand, must have 
phosphates ; and a meat and bone meal, or bone manures of some 
sort, will generally give the best results. 
In this way every crop may be dealt with, and if the considerations 
above set out are carefully weighed, a fairly correct estimate of what 
