550 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
Brassieas, Clubbing in. By Clarence Ponting (Gard. Dec. 15, 1917^.541). — 
Dr. Potter having suggested in vol. 42 of the R.H.S. Journal that the spores 
of Plasmodiophora are killed or rendered inoperative below a depth of 4 or 5 
inches, the author records a successful experiment of planting some rather leggy 
plants of cottagers' kale with a dibber quite 6 inches below the surface in infested 
ground. — H. R. D f 
Calcium Compounds in Soils. By E. C. Shorey, W. H. Fry, and W. Hazen 
(Jour. Agr. Res. viii. pp. 57-78, Jan. 1917). — Sixty-three samples of soil were 
examined for calcium compounds, viz. carbonate, sulphate, humus compounds, 
and in easily and difficultly decomposable silicates, and a wide variation in total 
calcium and in content of calcium carbon and the two classes of silicates was found . 
In twenty-nine cases calcium in combination with humus compounds was found 
to be absent. Five samples were acid to litmus and were characterized by poor 
drainage. It seems probable that soils rich in total calcium, but poor in calcium 
carbonate, may be better suited for some crops than soils with high calcium 
carbonate content. — F. J. C. 
Calliearpa Giraldiana Hesse. By O. Stapf (Bot. Mag. t. 8682). — Verbenaceae 
(Viticeae). A hardy shrub of easy culture. Six feet in height. Leaves, elliptic 
lanceolate, 3-5 inches long. Flowers small, in subglobose panicles, whitish. 
Fruits, for which the plant is most worth growing, lilac. One of the most beautiful 
of recently introduced fruiting shrubs. Native of W. Szechwan"-through Hupeh 
to Shensi. — F. J. C, 
Capsid Bug of Apple : Control by Spraying. By F. H. Petherbridge [Jour. 
Bd. Agr. vol. xxiv. No. 12 ; March 1918). — An illustrated article showing 
damage done to apples, especially certain varieties, such as ' Lady Hollendale, 
- Early Victoria/ ' Grenadier/ and ' Lord Grosvenor.' It was found that the 
bug (Plesiocoris rugicollis) couH be controlled by spraying with a soft soap 
and nicotine spray. The best time for spraying is said to be ten days after 
the first marking of the leaves by Capsids, as then most or all of the Capsids will 
have hatched. Growers who are able to spray twice should do so in the case 
of a bad attack, once before blossoming and a^ain 'ust after b ossom ng. The 
amount of soap used varies w th the hardness of the water, 10 lb. per 100 gallons 
being sufficient for soft water, wh le amount"of nicotine shou d be rom 7 to 
S'oz. to the 100 ga Ions of water. — G. C. G. 
Carnations, The Use of Commercial Fertilizers in Growing. By H. B. Dorner, 
F. H. Mencie, and A. H. Fehrling (U.S. A. Exp. Stn. III., Bull. 176). — Commercial 
fertilizers are equally as good as farmyard manure for this crop. 
Both dried blood and sulphate ammonia were used as sources of nitrogen, and 
when combined with acid phosphates and sulphate of potash produced flowers both 
in quantity and quality equal to the best results obtained from stable manure. 
An excess of nitrogenous fertilizer or sulphate of potash proved disastrous 
to the crop, destroying a whole stand of blooms in a few weeks. On the other 
hand, a large dose of acid phosphates, 2f lb. per 100 square feet of bench once a 
week, both improved quality and quantity of the blooms on the particular plot 
treated. — C. P. C. 
Cauliflower, Ring-spot of. By A. V. Osman and P. J. Anderson (Phyto- 
pathology, v., pp. 260-265 ; figs.). — A destructive leaf spot of cauliflower is 
described due to the same fungus as attacks cabbages in England (see Journal 
R.H.S. xL, p. 76) (Mycosphaerella brassicicola). No control measures are 
reported. — F. J. C, 
Cedars, A Nursery Blight of. By G. G. Hahn, C. Hartley, and R. G. Pierce 
(Jour. Agr. Ris. x. pp. 533-539; Sept. 1917; plates) — Junipetus virglniana 
has been attacked by a fungus n the nursery beds, but rarely when over four 
years old, and large numbers of plants have been killed. The diseased p ants 
appear as though killed by drought. A species of Phoma has been found which 
: Ecapable of acting as a wound parasite, not only on /. virglniana but also on 
/. barbadensis, J. pachyphlaea, J. communis, J. communis sibirica, J. prostrata % 
Thuya occidentals and T. orientalis, and Cupressus glabra. — F. J. C. 
Cedar Rust Fungi. By J. L. Weimer (U.S.A. Exp. Stn., Cornell, Bull. 390, 
May 1917 ; figs.). — The fungi described in this paper have as hosts on the one 
hand species of Juniper, especially Juniperus virginiana, and in their aecidium 
stage varipus Rosaceae. Economic loss amounting to many thousand dollars 
