46 
REl'ORt OF THE MALARIA EXPEDITION. 
a manner most likely to preserve their licaltli. If the nation wishes to maintain colonies in 
intensely malarious localities, the least it can do is to protect its servants as much as possible from 
the disease. 
(3.) Surfacc-draiiiagi' of Frcctoivn. — This is undoubtedly bad as a rule. The substitution 
of simple masonry gutters for the existing roadside ditches would probably have a considerable 
effect on the malaria. In some spots, however, it will be necessary to avert drainage from the hills. 
(4.) Disposal of night-soil. — As already mentioned, a s;'stem of pit-latrines is in use in 
Freetown. Not only does there seem to be little dysentery or enteric fever present in the city, but 
the disgusting odours so frequent in Indian towns (where removal systems are adopted) are 
comparatively infrequent. In short, it is open to question whether this pit-system — which we 
have compared to a septic-tank system — is not preferable, if it can be adopted, to the ordinary 
Indian interception method. A pipe water-supply must of course exist at the same time ; and the 
subsoil water must be low. 
(5.) Filarue in Anopheles costalis. — In many of the Anopheles caught in the Wilberforce 
Barracks we found Filaria. All tlie stages described by Manson, up to the final motile stage, 
were present. We add photograplis ot an earlier and a later stage — the former from a specimen 
considerably distorted by the preservative (formalin). 
■■,^f'il:,n<, 1,1 AiiophcU-s costalis. Young stuye. %.—F',Lvia m Amphelcs costnlis. Ol.ler stage. 
It is impossible to doubt that these parasites, like the Haemamoebida; in the same insects, 
were derived from the soldiers ; but unfortunately we were unable to obtain the blood of the latter 
at night for examination. One of us had previously observed F. nodurna in tlie tissues of Anopheles 
fed on a patient containing the parasites [5]. 
(6.) Tumba-fly and Tsetse-fly, — We found these insects in Freetown. Accounts of them 
will probabh be published elsewhere. 
