THE WINTER STUDY OF FRUIT TREES. 
23 
the figures given that it may be very prominent as in ' Doyenne du 
Cornice ' (fig. 8) or in some almost absent. 
It is curious to notice that there is some correlation between the 
shape of the bud and that of the fruit in many cases, though not all. 
For instance, the Bergamotte shape of fruit, as in ' Eyewood Berga- 
motte ' (fig. 3), is often associated with the peculiarly round pointed bud. 
' Josephine de Malines ' (fig. 1) is another case, and the longer fruits 
as 'Durondeau' (fig. 5), ' Beurre Jean van Geert ' have longer buds. 
How useful the winter bud character may be in certain cases may 
be seen by comparing the figure of ' Josephine de Malines ' (fig. 1) with 
' Alexandre Lambre ' (fig. 2), two fruits which might easily be confused ; 
the bud characters here would prove sufficient to separate them. 
A few varieties have small buds closely applied to the wood much 
as in an Apple. ' Nec Plus Meuris ' and ' Chisel ' (see figs. 7 and 4) 
show this character well. 
It may be noticed in passing that with these varieties adpressed 
buds do not throw the stipulary leaves in summer, whereas, as far as 
I have observed, those which stand away boldly, as ' Doyenne du 
Cornice ' (see fig. 8), always do. 
Cherries. 
The habit assumed by Cherries follows closely that of Apples ; the 
upright forms are found in the Dukes, spreading flat heads among the 
Bigarreaus, and weeping trees are fairly common. In stature we find 
remarkable differences, the 'Cluster' or 'Corone,' a variety not far 
removed from the wild Mazzard, makes an immense spiring tree which 
is often too high for the fruit to be gathered. At the other end we have 
the round compact trees such as ' Waterloo ' and ' Knight's Early 
Black.' 
In a great measure these differences in habit are due to the species 
from which our wild cherries have been derived. The Bigarreaus and 
Guignes are descended from our wild Mazzard, Prunits A vhirn, making 
immense trees as in the ' Cluster ' mentioned above, the weeping trees 
such as ' Early Rivers,' and the vase-formed trees, notable for their 
stout main branches and few secondary branchings, as in ' Elton 
Heart ' and ' Turkey Heart.' 
The ' Duke ' Cherries are distinct by their very close upright growth 
and seem to be more allied to the Morello, which has probably come 
from P. Cerasus var. marasca. These all show the same habit, and it is 
interesting to note the ' Waterloo,' which was a cross between the 
common ' Bigarreau ' and the ' May Duke,' and shows an intermediate 
growth, less tall than the ' Bigarreau ' and less upright than the ' May 
Duke.' 
The sour Red Cherries or Amarelles, usually called Kentish or 
Flemish in this country, descend from Prunus Cerasus and are quite 
distinct in their bushy, twiggy habit, never making such large trees 
as the Bigarreaus. There is a race of these, however, which have an 
