10 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
a pot tree of this variety carrying several selfed fruits at the John 
Innes Horticultural Institute ; but it is very rarely that this happens, 
and from the thousands of flowers we have self-pollinated by hand in 
the house we have obtained no fruit-setting at all. 
It is curious that ' Royal Jubilee ' has so far failed to set with 
its own pollen, for this variety is one of the heaviest and most 
regular croppers, and yet is one of the latest commercial varieties to 
come into flower, at a time when facilities for cross-pollination would 
be most unfavourable. 
With these three varieties that have given negative results sugges- 
tive of self-sterility, we had every blossom on entire trees self-pollinated 
without a fruit setting. On the other hand, we have repeatedly 
obtained numerous fruits from cross-pollinated flowers on the same 
branch, and frequently the same spur, as that on which self-pollinated 
flowers have failed to set. 
The great majority of varieties were found to be partly self-fertile, 
but incapable of setting more than a very small percentage of 
their blossoms when entirely dependent upon their own pollen for 
fertilization. 
Such varieties as ' Worcester Pearmain,' ' Norfolk Beauty,' ' Duchess 
Favourite,' ' Ecklinville Seedling,' and ' Beauty of Bath ' over a number 
of years seldom set more than r per cent, of the blossoms self- 
pollinated ; whilst ' Bismarck,' 'James Grieve,' ' Lane's Prince Albert,' 
' Warner's King,' and ' Newton Wonder ' invariably set something 
like 3 per cent, when similarly pollinated. 
The other varieties placed in this class are : 
' Allington Pippin,' ' Barnack Beauty,' ' Baumann's Red Reinette,' 
1 Ben's Red,' * Bramley's Seedling,' ' Chas. Ross,' ' Cox's Pomona,' 
' Dumelow's Seedling,' ' Dutch Mignonne,' 1 Fearn's Pippin,' 
' Gascoyne's Scarlet,' ' Grenadier,' ' Keswick Codlin,' ' King of Tomp- 
kins County,' 'King of the Pippins,' 'Lady Sudeley,' ' Peasgood's 
Nonsuch,' ' White Transparent,' ' Annie Elizabeth,' ' Christmas 
Pearmain,' ' Golden Spire,' and ' Wm. Crump.' 
The degree to which these varieties are self-fertile varies very 
considerably, some (such as ' Golden Spire,' ' Wm. Crump,' and 
' Ben's Red ') being capable of setting occasionally as much as io per 
cent, of their blossoms self-pollinated in the house, whilst others set 
less than i per cent., but it is not of great importance to know the 
actual degree of self-fertility, since none can set even a fair crop under 
normal orchard conditions when they are entirely dependent upon 
their own pollen. 
With all such varieties, when growing in the orchard, some pro- 
vision for cross-pollination must be made if good settings of fruit are 
to be obtained. 
Furthermore, our investigations have clearly shown that even all 
the self-fertile varieties set greater quantities of fruit when the flowers 
are cross-pollinated than when pollinated with their own pollen. 
For example, on one side of a tree of ' Rev. W. Wilks,' which is a very 
