764 
CHEMISTR Y OF RESPIRATION. 
less than in the normal condition, the blood undergoing comparatively 
slight changes in its passage through the capillaries. 
The following are some of the results obtained by Zuntz : — 
Blood Vessel. 
Percentage Volume of Gases 
in Blood. 
Remarks. 
Oxygen. 
Carbon dioxide. 
Femoral vein . 
Carotid artery . 
1-2 
14-4 
36-32 
21-92 
Dog at rest. 
In the muscles of right 1 
limb were absorbed and V 
produced respectively . J 
13-20 
14-40 
Femoral vein 
Carotid artery . 
2-85 
13-30 
33-16 
23-06 
After section of sciatic 
and crural nerves on 
the right side. 
In the muscles of right ] 
limb were absorbed and j- 
produced respectively . J 
10-45 
10-1 
Calculated from these results, the respiratory exchange before the section 
of the nerves was 1 "21 c.c. oxygen and l - 32 c.c. carbon dioxide per minute; 
after section of the nerves, 0*68 c.c. oxygen and - 65 c.c. carbon dioxide. 
Chauveau and Kaufmann 1 estimated the gaseous exchange in the 
masticatory muscles of the horse, both when it was at rest, and when it 
was actively chewing. The following table gives their results, together 
with those of somewhat similar experiments made by Sczelkow, 2 Hill 
and Nabarro : 3 — 
Difference between the Venous and Arterial Blood. 
Observer. 
Rest. 
Activity. 
Carbon dioxide 
Oxygen . 
Carbon dioxide 
Oxygen . 
Carbon dioxide 
Oxygen . 
+ 6-71 
-9 
+ 8-7 
-11-4 
+ 8-76 
-12-92 
+ 10-791 
1x3 
-12-26J 
+ 10"20^| 
Vx3 
-13-65 J 
Tonic 
+ 13-90] r+4i-7o 
- 13-75 J (-41-25 
C + 32-37 
[ -36-78 
r +30-60 
( -40-95 
Clonic. 
+ 19-331 [ +57-99 
-12-63J (-37-89 
^Sczelkow. 
I Chauveau 
J- and Kauf- 
J mann. 
] Hill and 
J Nabarro. 
In the above table the amounts found during activity are multiplied 
1 Compt. rend. Acad. d. sc., Paris, 1886, tome ciii. pp. 974, 1057, 1153, 
2 Sitzungsb. d. Ic. Akad. d. Wissensch., Wien, 1862, Bd. xlv. S. 171. 
3 Journ. Physiol., Cambridge and London, 1895, vol. xviii. p. 218. 
