I NFL UENCE OF DAY AN J) , VLG II 7 \ 
799 
until 1 p.m. This small morning variation preceding the rise to the 
maximum would explain some of the uncertainty concerning the 
time of the maximum. The second important cause is the difference 
in the meals of the English and German people; the "fruhsf //<■/," 
is a small meal compared with the English breakfast, and thus, in 
the observations made in England, the morning fall, beginning about 
ten o'clock, would be masked by the increased warmth due to a hearty 
meal. 
Time of Maximum. 
Time of Minimum. 
Range of 
Variations. 
Place of 
Observation. 
Observer. 
Between 8 a. m. and 
About 1 A.M. 
1° 
Mouth. 
Davy. 1 
5 P.M. 
About mid-day 
Between 11 p.m. and 
2 A.M. 
0°-7 
" 
Gierse. 
At 7 p.m. 
Between 11 p.m. and 
8 A.M. 
0°-72 
" 
Hooper. 
Between 10 a.m. and 
Between 11 p.m. and 
0°-73 
,, 
Hallmann. 
7 P.M. 
7 A.M. 
Between 4 p.m. and 
Between 1 a.m. and 
0°-51) 
Lichtenfels and 
5 P.M. 
7 A.M. 
0°-56/ 
Frohlich. 
Between 4 P.M. and 
About 2 a.m. 
0°-9 
j, 
Casey. 
7 P.M. 
Between 4 p.m. and 
Between 12 p.m. and 
3 -5 
,, 
Clifford Allbntt. 
•8 P.M. 
7 A.M. 
About 7 p.m. 
About 6 a.m. 
0°-8 
,, 
Ogle. 
Between 2 p.m. and 
Between 2 a.m. and 
0-6 
,, 
Crombie. 2 
8 P.M. 
7 A.M. 
Between 9 a.m. and 
About 1 A.M. 
r-2 
Axilla. 
Ringer and 
6 P. M. 
Stuart. 
Between 10 A.M. and 
Between 2 a.m. ami 
l°-29 
,, 
Liebermeister. 
6 P.M. 
3 A.M. 
About 5 P.M. 
Between 7 P.M. and 
7 A.M. 
0°-4 
" 
Damrosch. 
At 3 p.m. 
At 3 A.M. 
r-3 
Billet. 
Between 6 p.m. and 
About 4 a.m. 
0°-8 
„ 
Barensprang. 3 
7 p.m. 
Between 4 p.m. and 
Between 2 a.m. and 
l°-3 
Rectum. 
Jurgensen. 
9 p.m. 
8 a.m. 
Between 7 a.m. and 
Between midnight 
l°-4 
, 
Jaeger. 4 
and 7 p.m., gene- 
and 4 A.M. 
rally about 4 p. M. 
About 6 p.m. 
About 2 a.m. 
l°-25 
Nicol. 
At 4 p.m. 
At 7 A.M. 
l°-2 
Urine. 
Richer, 5 
Between 5 p.m. and 
Between 3 A.M. and 
l°-4 
,, 
Pembrey. 
8 P.M. 
6 A.M. 
Other causes for the different results are to be sought in the fact 
that the observations are not comparable as regards the age, health, 
meals, and work of the subjects of the experiment, and the temperature 
was taken in different ways. 
The following curve (Fig. 76), given by Einger and Stuart, 6 shows the 
daily fluctuations of temperature in a boy 12 years old ; the thermometer, 
a non-registering one, was kept in the closed axilla throughout the 
1 The references are mostly given on p. 789 of this article. 
2 Indian Ann. Med. Sc, Calcutta, 1873, vol. xvi. p. 550. 
3 Arch. f. Anat., Physiol, u. wissensch. Med., 1851, S. 159. 
4 Jaeger, Ueutsches Arch. f. klin. Med., Leipzig, 1881, Bd. xxix. S. 525. 
5 Rev. scient., Paris, 1885, tome ix. pp. 430, 629. 
6 Proc. Roy. Soc. London, 1877, vol. xxvi. p. 187. 
