2^0 
Lake Bangweolo. 
traveller generally passed, Ketimkuru said that Moamba was then 
chief — i.e. about fifteen years previously — and that Livingstone spoke 
much of God, whom they (the black people) did not know. Ketimkuru 
assured Giraud that Kasembe was a vassal of his, so he determined 
to send his party overland to that chief by the north of Bangweolo, 
while he with eight men would cross the lake in his boat, and follow 
the Luapula river down to Lake Moero, where Kasembe resided. 
Leaving Ketimkuru on the i6th June, 1883, he found himself 
on the open waters of Lake Bangweolo on the 8th July. 
We cannot attempt to give in full his description of his voyage 
across the lake. He gives a very different outline of the lake itself 
from that by Livingstone, who supposed the shape of it to be something 
like a flattened orange. As will be seen from the map, Giraud makes 
it very irregular. Neither of these travellers went round the lake, and 
as it is far wider than the English Channel, its actual form and extent 
have yet to be discovered. The absence of high land, and the miles 
of reeds (eight or nine feet high) on the east and south sides, increased 
M. Giraud's difficulty in delineating its shores. He and Livingstone 
also differ much as to the position and extent of the islands, but 
we can understand this when we remember that land submerged 
in the wet season would appear high and dry when the waters had 
returned to their natural limit. The greatest discrepancy, however, 
between the two accounts is as regards the course of the great 
river Luapula, to the west of which is the Garenganze or Katanga 
country. Livingstone supposed that this river, which carries off 
the waters of Bangweolo to Lake Moero, commenced at the north- 
west point of Bangweolo and flowed northwards ; and probably 
this led Giraud to anticipate that a short journey would take him 
to Kasembe's. He found, however, that the river started from the 
south-west of the lake and then ran south a long distance before it 
turned northward. 
As to the inhabitants, M. Giraud agrees with Livingstone that the 
number is very great — more in proportion than he had seen elsewhere. 
Livingstone did not land on the largest island, which he calls Chiribi, 
and Giraud, Kirui. Its shore, Giraud says, rises about 16 feet above 
the lake, and it is green and well-wooded. About 400 men came 
down towards his boat, and the chief said that Livingstone, whom he 
called Giraud's brother, had fought with Matipa. Giraud replied that 
Matipa behaved badly towards his brother, and refused him canoes ; 
and that Livingstone did fire a gun, but not with the intention of 
injuring anyone. Giraud's knowledge of these particulars greatly 
surprised the chief. The natives seemed friendly, although rather 
fearful, and they brought provisions. M. Giraud stayed until the next 
day. Then the numbers increased ; and as he supposed they were 
meditating an attack in order to plunder him, he embarked with his 
men before daylight, and the natives vainly tried to pursue them. 
