iv 
PREFACE. 
not exceeding 32 feet long. At the foot of each table the deflections 
corresponding to the weights in the tables are given; and by this Series 
and the Table of Constants to the same, the scantlings of other kinds 
of timber may be found sufficient to carry, when loaded, any given por- 
tion of the breaking weight. 
By the Third Series may be found the scantlings of Red Pine and 
of other species of timber, when pressed by two forces acting respec- 
tively in the directions of the depth and the breadth, so as to have given 
equal deflections. By this Series, the scantlings for purlins, brest- 
summers, &c., are found, when pi^ssed by the weight of a roof, or by 
loaded beams inclined at given angles to the horizontal plane. 
Miscellaneous Tables, &c. The greatest weight in cwts. upon 
each foot in length of a joist, beam, lintel, &c., being ascertained or 
given, then by the first of these tables may be found the breadth of the 
same, for any usual depth or length sufficient to carry, when loaded, 
any given portion of the breaking weight. 
The Second Table shews the deflection of Red Pine scantlings, of any 
breadth and of any usual depth and length, when loaded with one- 
fourth of the breaking weight. 
By the seven following tables may be determined the depths of 
Ceiling Joists, Rafters, Floor Joists, Bridging Joists, Binding Joists, 
&c., from U inches to 3 inches in breadth, the deflection being of 
an inch to the foot when uniformly loaded with the weights given in the 
tables. At the foot of each of these tables there is a multiplier to each 
column, by which may be found the breaking weight of every scantling 
therein. Similar multiphers are given in the First and Third Series ; 
and it may here be remarked, as one of the leading features in the con- 
struction of this work, that the breaking weight and the deflection when 
loaded with the tabular weight, are given for every scantling throughout 
the whole of the tables. 
The tenth and eleventh of the Miscellaneous Tables shew the data 
upon which the Tables of Constants are founded; and at the end of 
the work there are several equations with examples, which may be use- 
ful in computing the true content of earthwork, to any given slope, 
in railway cuttings and embankments. 
