METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS AT WISLEY, 1915. 127 
There were 221 hours of bright sunshine, equal to 46 per cent, of the greatest 
possible amount. 
There were 3 days on which no sunshine was recorded. 
June. — The weather throughout this month was upon the whole 
nearly normal ; it was generally dry, nearly all the rain which fell at 
Wisley falling in the last week of the month ; the amount of bright 
sunshine was somewhat less than usual over the whole of the southern 
half of the kingdom, but largely in excess of the normal over the 
northern half ; and all over the kingdom the mean temperature 
differed but slightly from the average. But whilst the mean tempera- 
ture was normal there was a very large daily range, and the warm 
days were several times followed by cold nights, and occasionally 
frosts were registered upon the ground. These conditions were 
of course very unfavourable for gardens, and a good deal of damage 
was done to vegetation in different parts of the kingdom. At Wisley 
the vegetable crops were considerably injured by a sharp frost at the 
commencement of the month, and even trees and shrubs, and the shoots 
of young oaks, were damaged and " cut," and in some parts of Ireland 
much damage was done to the potato crop. 
The results obtained from the observations made at the Garden are 
shown in the following table : 
Mean temperature of the air in shade . . . .58-6° 
Highest „ „ „ .... 85 0 on the 8th 
Lowest „ 35 0 ,, 1st 
„ on the grass ..... 25-4* „ 1st 
Number of nights of ground frost ........ 4 
At depth of 
1 ft. 2 ft. 4 ft. 
Mean temperature of the soil at 9 a.m. . . . 6o-i° 58-6° 55-2° 
Highest „ „ 63-6° 6o-6° 56-9° 
Lowest „ „ 54-7° 547 0 52-6° 
Mean relative humidity of the air at 9 a.m. (complete saturation being repre- 
sented by 100) 69 per cent. 
Rain fell on 9 days, to the total depth of 1-24 in. (equivalent to about 5f 
gallons of water to the square yard). Heaviest fall on any day 0-63 in., on the 
30th. 
The prevailing winds were north-easterly. is 
The average velocity of the wind was 4 miles an hour. 
There were 215 hours of bright sunshine, equal to 44 per cent, of the greatest 
possible amount. 
There was only 1 entirely sunless day. 
July. — This was a month of changeable, unsettled weather, cool for 
the time of year, and unusually windy. These unseasonable features 
were due to the passage of many cyclonic disturbances across the 
kingdom, of no great intensity, but bringing with them heavy falls 
of rain and sometimes thunderstorms. Generally speaking, there was 
a marked deficiency of bright sunshine, and therefore no very hot days ; 
but neither were there any very low night temperatures, with the 
result that although the mean temperature for the month was below 
the average the difference was not large. But the weather was by 
no means ideal from a gardener's point of view ; • the heavy splashes of 
rain played havoc with flower-beds, beating down and spoiling many, 
whilst the continued wetness of the ground resulted in the develop- 
ment of much disease amongst potato crops. The warmest days came 
