NOTES; AND ABSTRACTS, 
These two bulletins give directions for practically eradicating the pest, or 
as an alternative suggest remedial measures such as late ploughing and the 
sowing of uninfested wheat. — M. L. H. 
Glandina guttata. By Dr. Trabut (Rev. Hort. de I'Alg., March- April 191 5, p. 41 ; 
figs.). — The writer is engaged in cultivating a form of Glandina sent to him 
originally from Puebla, which may prove to be a useful auxiliary in Algerian 
gardens, as it apparently feeds on the garden snail. — M. L. H. 
Glasnevin, Plants at. Anon. (Irish Gard. xi. p. 88). — Notes on new plants 
at Glasnevin include the form of Primula obconica called P. werringtonensis, 
with rosy-red flowers, from high elevations ; P. silvicola (which was shown at 
Vincent Square in 1915); P- rufa, allied to F. Forrestii, from which it is said to 
differ in habit though its flowers are similar ; Gaultheria Veitchiana, a low- 
growing species from China with stiff leaves 2 or 3 inches long and ito i| inch 
broad ; Saxifraga cernua, a British wild plant with white flowers and tiny red 
bulbils in the axils of the stem-leaves ; S. diapensioides (of which a figure is 
given) ; and Lithospermum Gastoni, less showy than L. prostratum, but with pretty 
clear blue flowers with white centres, said to be a lime-lover, but thriving in 
peaty soil at base of rock. — F. J. C. 
Grape Culture, with Special Reference to Irrigation. By R. W. Allen (Oregon 
Exp. Sin., Bull. 126, 30 pp. ; 12 figs.). — Deals with the establishment of a vineyard 
and its cultivation, with a list of varieties recommended. — E, A. Bd, 
Grape* Muscat Hamburg.' By U. P. Hedrick (U.S.A. Exp. Stn., Geneva, Bull. 
403; col. pi.). — Grafted upon Phylloxera-resistant varieties, this well-known 
European variety does well in the open at Geneva, N.Y. The canes are protected 
in winter by burying under a covering of soil. — E, A t Bd, 
Holly. By W. Dallimore (Garden, May 15, 191 5, p. 239). — The common 
kind is the most conspicuous. The bright red berries ripen early, usually in 
August or September, and may often be found on the bushes in March. There 
are now about one hundred sorts to select from, and the following are 
recommended : — 
Ilex Aquifolium cameliaefolia, with dark-coloured leaves and a few spines. 
J. A. ciliata major, a green-leaved sort, the leaf edges having fine teeth. 
I. A. integrifolia has many of its leaves quite spineless. 
I. A. Marmockii, a large-leaved form. 
I. A. pendula is distinguished from the type by its weeping branches, and 
I. A. lutea by its yellow berries. It is to be remembered that certain trees 
bear male blossoms only, and some female ; occasionally male and female flowers 
may be found on the same tree, but it is a rare occurrence. Useful male flowering 
varieties are Silver Queen, Golden Queen, donningtonensis , ovata, and laurifolia: 
Of the larger-leaved kinds /. platyphylla fruits freely, while i\ Wilsonii has hand- 
some foliage and bright red berries, and nigricans, altaclarensis, and Shepherdii 
have male flowers. — H. R. D. * 
Horticulture and Agriculture, Work of Educated Women in. By Mrs. 
Roland Wilkins (Jour. Bd. Agr., Sept. and Oct. 1915). — A marked change in 
the position which women hold in the professions of agriculture and horticulture 
is noticeable since the Great War commenced, and perhaps nothing goes to prove 
this more than that the Board of Agriculture has allowed the above report to be 
made by a woman A few years ago such a thing would not have occurred, and 
moreover no one would have been interested in hearing about the educational 
centres that exist in England and Wales for training women as gardeners, farm 
superintendents, or to help at dairy work. The pity is that most of these colleges 
and schools receive no support and but very sparing recognition from Govern- 
ment, for it is almost entirely due to the activity and energy of voluntary workers 
or private individuals that we are, at a moment of crisis, able to turn out even the 
small number of professional workers for the land that we are now sending to 
farms and gardens. Consequently hurriedly trained recruits are being enlisted for 
this work, and so once again we find that other countries are far ahead of us in 
this matter of establishing State-aided and amply-sufficing educational facilities, 
whereby not alone educated women are fitted for high supervisory posts, but the 
peasant class is trained and thereby the rural exodus is checked. Mrs. Wilkins 
has brought to bear upon her work much patient investigation, and her unbiassed 
summary of existing training centres should greatly assist the Agricultural 
Education Coaference in formulating a new scheme iox women's work, whereby 
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