Forest and Stream 
A Weekly Journal of the Rod and Gun. 
Terms, $i A "XeAB. 10 Cts. a Copt. ( 
Six Months, $2. T 
NEW YORK, SATURDAY, JANUARY 2, 1897, 
3 VOL. XLVITI— No. 1. 
I No. 346 Bboadway, New York. 
For Prospectus and Adveriisitig Rates see Page iii. 
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NEW YORK LIFE BUILDING 
Present Entrance on Leonar<S Street 
In still-hunting swear yourself black in the face 
never to shoot at *a dim, moving: object in'^the 
woods for a deer, unless you have seenlthatlit is 
a deer. In these days there ^ are 'quite ^as ' many 
hunters as deer in the woods ; and^it is'a heavy, 
wearisome job to pack a dead or wounded man 
ten or twelve miles out to a clearing. NESSMUK, 
YELLOWSTONE PARK AFFAIRS, 
At the close of the summer of 1894, a War Department 
order placed the work of improvement in the Yellowstone 
National Park in the hands of the Superintendeut. Up to 
that tiine the care of ihe roads and bridges had been in 
charge of an engineer officer, stationed here for this purpose. 
During the summer of 1895 a road was surveyed from the 
Gibbon Falls to the Fountain Hotel, one down Snake River 
to the "southern boundary of the Park, and one from the 
Grand Cafion to Yancey's over Mount Washburn. On the 
first of these, eight miles of road was built in 1895 and a con- 
nection made with the proposed road down the Madison 
Canon, and eight miles of road down Snake River was made 
passable for wagons, but was not completed. Much work 
was done also on the road from the Grand CajQon to Yan- 
cey's, as well as other minor work of improvement and re- 
pair. 
The construction and improvement of the approaches to 
the Park from the east — Cooke City— from the south — 
through the timber reserve — and from the west — up the 
Madison Canon— have occupied Capt. Anderson's attention 
during the past season. These roads have been located and 
graded, and a number of bridges have been built on them. 
Measurements have been made and plans drawn for an iron 
bridge over the Yellowstone River above the Upper Falls, 
and a short road is proposed ®n the east side of the canon as 
far as a point opposite Inspiration Point. 
Steps have been taken for properly surveying the boundaries 
of the Park and marking them with suitable monuments. 
The most easterly and most southerly point of the Yellow- 
stone Lake have been established and marked by cut stone 
monuments, and this has been done also for the most west- 
erly boundary of Shoshone Lake. Points on the eastern, 
southern and western boundary lines have been determined 
and marked. This work has been done by Lieut. Charles S. 
Bromwell, Corps of Engineers, who reported for this pur- 
pose to Capt. Anderson last summer. 
While much has thus been accomplished since the care of 
the roads and bridges was turned over to Capt. Anderson, 
much more remains to be done The appropriations for 
this work are small, and tbeir insufficiency adds to the ex- 
pense of the wprk axxi delays its ppwpJetioQ, Qapt, Aader? 
son has asked for an appropriation for the next year of 
$100,000, with which he believes a long stride can be made 
toward completing the roads in the Pnl i. This sum ought 
to be provided, if these improvements are to be pushed on, 
so that the public can get about the Park with the greatest 
ease and comfort. 
The early advent of an unusually coM and stormy winter 
has been severely felt in the Park. November was the worst 
known there for a long time. Early in the month snow fell 
to the depth of about two feet, and as there was no wind 
during this storm, the snow completely covered the ground, 
leaving no bare places. Two or three days of warm weather, 
with rain, put this snow in a state of complete saturation. 
It then turned cold, and left the ground entirely covered with 
a deep, hard crust of snow. Since that time it has continued 
cold and stormy. 
The large herd of antelope that has always wintered on 
the flat near Gardiner was driven out during the first severe 
storm after the crust formed. They passed on down beyond 
Gardiner and Cinnabar, and many of them have been 
killed. Some, however, have returned, and a large bunch, 
numbering about 300, was on the flat in the middle of De- 
cember. 
Elk have also been driven out of the Park in large num- 
bers, and cover the slopes of Bear Gulch and Crevasse, where 
they also are being slaughtered. Besides the heavy loss 
which they must suffer from this killing, they are confrented 
with the danger of starvation during the long winter, and the 
chance of their survival over the spring does not seem bright. 
About a month ago there were three or four thousand elk in 
the Hayden Yalley, where they can probably get along very 
well on the warm ground there. The country between Yan" 
cey's and Soda Butte is believed to have its usual herd, 
which will probably remain there, and be better off than any 
other bunch in the Park. 
The news concerning the buffalo is not at all encouraging. 
They are seen in small bunches in widely separated districts, 
and some are reported to have gone into the mountains in 
s veral different parts of the Park. Since the slaughter of 
1894 they have never gone into the Hayden Valley. 
About the middle of November, four men were arrested 
on Hellroaring Creek, caught red-handed killing elk m the 
Park. They were tried and fined $35 each. Two of them 
paid their fines, the others at last accounts were still held in 
custody in the guard house, A week before Christmas two 
more were brought in, and now await trial. It is to be 
hoped that they will not get off so easily. 
SNAP SHOTS. 
Miss Merriam's notes on the coyote as he appears in Cali- 
fornia are interesting and are graphically told. They are 
also timely, as following up the article on this species which 
appeared last week, and which has brought out other notes 
on wolves and coyotes, to be published before long. As was 
remarked by the writer of the article on this subject in 
FoEEST AND Steeam of a wcck ago, there must be in the 
memory of our readers a great mass of unrecorded observa- 
tions on these animals, all of which would be interesting 
and some no doubt new. The ways in which wolves cap- 
ture their food, and in which they act in concert when hunt- 
ing, are of especial interest. In a general way, we know 
that they used to kill buffalo and to run down deer, caribou, 
antelope and moose; but the detail of all this, related by eye- 
witnesses, is lacking. Yet among our readers there must be 
men who have seen aU these things, and who, if they would 
take the trouble, csuld tell their fellow sportsmen what they 
have seen. 
Commissioner Carleton, of Maine, made a tour through 
the Maine woods last summer and found out for himself 
that moose were killed before the open season. We are not 
advised as to any figures he hats given out to indicate the 
relative numbers of moose killed in close time and in the 
open season ; but from such facts as we have information of 
we should say that five out of ten moose killed in Maine 
were killed illegally. 
It is passing strange that so many men who are respect- 
able and law abiding members of society at home go down 
to Maine and there both violate the game laws and induce 
the natives to join them or to anticipate them. For it is a 
common expedient to engage one's "guide" to kill the game 
in close season that it may be in readiness for the sportsman 
to bring out after the law is off. What travesty is this on 
gportsrri9»sb;p, or p| lioiple pRa^fJiipj^b^averj sfty^.tbe sport 
part of it. And what an empty braggart, impoater and 
charlatan does he know himself to be who spins his yams 
and amplifies his lies about his close season guide-slain 
trophy. 
Commissioner Carleton has come to the conclusion which 
we have expressed, that imprisonment must be made the 
penalty for such offenses if the law is to have any restricting 
influence upon the class which now swaggers defiance, 
secure in their confidence that if they do not escape with 
their booty scot free, they can at most get off with the pay- 
ment of a paltry fine. Even this harsher statute will have 
little restrictive influence if the laxity of law enforcement 
shall continue to prevail in Maine. Whether the penalty be 
fine or imprisonment, it will have no terrors for those who 
are beyond the reach of the wardens, or who are in collusion 
with the wardens; and as for the extension of the close time 
to November, that will mean only a prolonging of the 
hanging-up season, during which the guide's slain moose 
head will be kept in readiness against the coming of the 
man who is going to kill it. He little recks of game seasons 
who does his hunting thus without a gun ; a new law would 
not affect him in any degree, save that his visit for the pur- 
pose of bringing out his purchased trophy would be deferred 
for a few weeks. 
This notion that better game protection may be secured 
by changing off one set of unenforced statutes for a new 
dead-letter code is a delusion which has been indulged so 
long that it has become intrenched as firmly as tradition. 
It knows neither longitude nor latitude, but holds sway 
from Maine to Florida. Here is the Jacksonville Times- 
Union, one of the most consistent advocates of game pro- 
tection among all our exchanges, suggesting that "a strict 
enactment providing for restricted seasons and limited kill- 
ing by one sportsman or party upon one occasion would 
meet with the approbation and indorsement of a large ma- 
jority of the citizens of the State." The fact is that there is 
already a Florida statute precisely of that very nature; it 
restricts the season and limits the amount which an indi- 
vidual may take, and the sportsmen approve and indorse it. 
And there is the end. No one pretends to observe the law ; 
it is of so little account that the leading journal of the State 
evidently knows nothing of its existence. What Florida 
needs is not a new law, but some little enforcement of the 
law already on the books. The change essential to improve- 
ment is not in the statute, but in public sentiment. To 
awaken the citizens of Florida out of the fatuous compla- 
cency with which they are permitting the wanton ruin of 
their game supply is a mission to which we trust the 
Times- Union may devote itself. The protection of game re- 
sources is one of the public interests with which a progres- 
sive newspaper legitimately may concern itself. 
There are in this country 600,000,000 acres of vacant pub- 
lic lands, exclusive of Alaska, and yet we are complaining 
that there is not enough unposted shooting country to go 
around, and that the game range is narrowing. Moreover, 
from all this vast area the Government derives not a cent of 
revenue for shooting and fishing privileges. The single 
Province of Quebec took in |30,833 from fish and game 
privileges in 1896. 
They have invented in Holland a machine which makes 
sounds audible at a distance of five miles. The sounds 
emitted by it are of such a quality that the direction from 
which they come may be determined to a nicety, and it is 
practicable to modify them into a signal code. The inventors 
claim that the device will be of priceless advantage to sea- 
men, who may ^thus communicate with one another from 
their ships. It will also be a priceless boon to the duck 
shooter on the shore, who can call his game in from the 
horizon. 
A German expedition in Africa has discovered a new 
"sportsmen's paradise." The route was from Mossamedes 
to Pert Alexander, through the Chellu Mountains to Humbe 
and to Kitere, and down the Kunene to its mouth. They re. 
port the country literally swarming with lions, elephants, 
leopards, giraffes, buffalo, antelope, gnus, hippopotami, 
crocodiles, pigeons, ducks, flamingoes, parrots and other 
things lumped in a comprehensive "etc .."which in such cases 
means whatever one's fondest fancy may paint. It is to be 
added also that they found gold in the paradise, which 
means that it will not remain a paradise for long. Gold and 
game do not exist together after the precious metal has been 
discovered. A rush to the gold fields follows, a populatiQ?i 
gpnpgs tjp, the g«m W quicldy eJ^t^^rmip^l^, 
