Feb, 13, 1897.] 
FOREST AND STREAM. 
IBB 
Gabrlelle; 2d. Mepal Kentipls' Woodland Princes*.— Amt otheb Color 
— iBt, Belle Isle Kennels' Gaiety Girt; '<?i and Res., Swiss Mountain 
Kennels' Ruth 8. and Goldie 8.— Champio^n (all Cockers) -1st, Swiss 
Mountain Kennels' Miss Waggles.— Black rnot over 281ns.) -Opun— 
Dogs; 1st, G, Douelas's HTavoc; 2d, J. P. Wliley's Paro; ad, Brooiiside 
Kennels' Figl. Res.. Dr. C. D. Hlnmon'.s JtmmT. Bitches: 1st, 
Brookside Kennels' Brookside Miss Ptiyl'ls: ad, Mepal Kennelsi' Miss 
Jerry; 3d, C. O, MouUon's Ida B. Res.; J. P. Willey"s Lady Jamie,— 
Red OR Lr^ER (not over 281bs ) -Z)o(7sV 1st. Swiss Mountain Kennels' 
Raven R ; 2d, Brookside Kenoels' Brooksi'-ie Kiog:. Bitches: 1st, 
Brookside Kennels' Red Dollie: 2d. Swiss Mouniain Ktnnels' Miss 
Squeers; 3d, Bayvi<»w Kennels' Bavview Meig^. Res., S. W. Mallory's 
Lady Buff.— Any OTHER CoLOR-Dogs; 1st, A. P Ricketts's Lorran; 
2d, Swiss Mourtain Kennels' Pepper; :ici, S. W. Mallory's Robert 
Bruce. Res.. W. T. Payne's Wyo. Bitches: 1st and ad. W."T. Payne's 
Tansy and Elska. Res.. Brookside KsnneU' Woodland Trilby.— Pup- 
pies— Dot/s; 1st, Swis.a Mountain Kennels' Cupid S. ; 2d, Brookside 
Kennels' Figi: ;-!d, G. Douglas's Parron Res , 8. W. Mallory's. Robert 
Bruce. Bitches: 1st, G. Douglas's Woodland Countess.— Clumber 
Spaniels Dogs: 1st, H Jarrett's Major Gilfeaiher. Bitches: 1st. H. 
Jarrea's Susie —Challenge -l.«t. H. .Jarreti's Glen'A'oad Greeting.— 
Irish Water Spaniels— Challenge— 1st, Miss A Green's Dent is. 
BEAGLES.— PuppiES-Dogfs/ 1st, J. Lewis's Thornwood; 2d, Wald- 
ingfleld Beagles' Bachelor; .id, J. Caswell's Titus Bitches: lst,Wald- 
insfield Beagles' Havoc; 2d, J Caswell's Melody. Res., Glenwood 
Beagle Kennels' Rhoda Glenwood.— Xoviob -1st. ,1. Lewis's Tborn- 
wood. 2d. Hempstead Beagles' Truman : Hd, C. S. Wixom's Tbelma.— 
Field Trials— 1st, Glenwood Besgle Kennels' Francis; s-d and res., 
G. F. Heed's Nell R. and Mag R Open -Dogs (over 13in.): 1st, C. S. 
Wixom's Trump 1"; ad and res.. Hemp-steaa Beagles' Florist and Tru- 
man;. Sd, J Lewis's Ringwood. Bitches; 1st and res , G. F. Reed's 
Nell R. and Mag R. : 2d, Glenwood Beagle Kennels' Lad v Glenwood; 
8d. C. 8. Wixom's Tbelma Dogs (lain, and under): 1st, C^ S. Wixom's 
Little Wonder; 2d, Weeks & Turner's Roving Mike; 3d, Hempstead 
Beaeles' LeadT. Res , Protection Beagle Kennels' Laick's Koy 
Bitches: 1st. Glenwood Beagle Kennels' Frances; 2d, Waldingfieid 
Beagles' Marjory: ?d, T. Shallcross's Dotsey. Res . G. F. Reed'.s 
Snifter.— Challenge -Dogrs (13in. or under): 1st, C S. Wixom's Razzle. 
Bitches: isc, O S. Wixonat's Evangeline. Dogs (over i3in.): Jst, J. 
Lewis's Ringleader Res., C S. Wixom's Sherry. Bitches: isl, J. 
Lewis's Lonely. Res., C. S. Wixom's Dsisy Corbett.— Champion— 1st 
and res.. J. Lewis's Lonely and Ringleader. 
DACHSHUNDE.— Puppies— 1st. Venlo Farm Kennels' Senator Puck. 
— Novice -l-l. Worth Kennels' Cboc'let; 2d, Jamts L Little, Jr. 's, 
Zigzag.-OPEN— Red— Cogs; 1st, Worth Kennels' RavK. ; 2d, Joseph 
Lythgoe's Janty. Bitches: Isr, Worth Kf-nnels' Cocoa: -Jd, Joseph 
Lytbgoe's Jeanne.- Any other Variety— Z)0(?s; 1st, J. L. Little. Jr.'s, 
Zigzag. Bitches: Worth Kennels' Ohoc'ltt. " 
BASSET HOUNDS.-lst, Weeks & Turner's Turk. 
nel Club has disbanded, and turned over its assets to the 
Olympic Gun Club, and the latter has applied for admission 
to the A. K. C. 
POI^fTS AND FLUSHES. 
At a meeting of the Kentucky Ktnnel Club last week sev- 
eral changes were made in the list of ofRcerp, some of the 
original being unable to accept on account of business not 
permitting them to give the club's aflfairs the proper atten- 
tion. The revised list of officers is: Gen. John B. Castle- 
man, President; Roger D. Williams, First Vice-President; 
Henry J. Cary-Curr, Second Vice-President; Francis J.' 
Hagan, Secretary; Luke 0. Cox, Treasurer; Bench Show 
Committee— W. S Apolegate, chairman; Francis j Hagan, 
Lewis Barret, St. Marc M. Alundy and A). P. GerinaD'; 
Directors— Gen. John B. Cattleman, R D. Wdliams, H. j' 
Gary Curr, L. O. Cox, Francis J. Hagan, Dr. Alex. Hart- 
hill, M. M Mitchell, J. A Reaves, Morris Belknap, C. W. 
Depauw. Arthur G. Langham, L. Barret, W. S- Appleeate' 
St. M. M Mundy, Al. F. German. t^f & , 
A meeting of the executive committee of the Canadian 
Kennel Club will be held at the Queen's Hotel, Toronto, on 
Saturday, Feb. la, at 8 P M. Business to come before' the 
meeting: 1. Reading of minutes. 2. Discussion of our re- 
lations with the A. K. C and appointing of delegates to 
their annual meeting. 3. Non-payment of prize money at 
the late Montreal show. 4 Other bitsiness. 
A local show ■wil) be held in New Haven next week. 
Mr. Caldwell informs us that a sweepstake, |35 entrance, 
was arranged at Boston between himself and Mes-rs. Ritchie' 
Hunneweli, Rutherfurd, Carnochan and Foote. Of the 
three wire haired bitches which constitute the entry of each, 
the produce of this year is eligible to compete in the sweep- 
stake which will be decided in 1898. 
The Manitoba Field Trials Club will hold its annual meet- 
ing this week, and will arrange in ail probability for a field 
trial this year. If trials are held in Manitoba this year the 
Northwestern Field Trials Club will ^ive a diploma (costing 
$25) similar to the one won by Jingo; entry fee or entry and 
starter fees to be divided. 
The annual meeting of the Gordon Setter Club of America 
will be held at Madison Square Garden on Monday evening, 
Feb. 22. at 7::-j0 o'clock, for the election of officers and the 
transaction of such other business as may then come up. Mr. 
L. A. Van Zandt, the secretary, requests members to send to 
him their annual dues (|'5) and the names of tho^e to be pro- 
posed for membership. 
The annual mpeting of the St. Bernard Club of America 
will be held at Madison Square Garden, New York at 8 
o'clock, P. M., Ftb. 23. 
The annual general meeting of the Irish Terrier Club of 
America will be held in Madison Square Garden, at 3 P M 
Feb. 23. . 
The Alabama Fi Id Trials Club has issued a circular an- 
nouncing the p stponement of its field trials till Feb in, 
and the closing of entries till Fdb U The M. & C. R, R. 
will make a rate of one fare for the round trip to and from 
the trials, and the L & N. the same, or oae and one third 
fare. The club extends a cordial invitation to sportsmen to 
attend. 
The premium list of the Kentucky Kennel Club can be ob- 
tained of the secretary, i^'rancis J. Hagan, 317 Fourth 
avenue, Louisville, Ky. 
The annual meeting of the A. K. C. will be held in the 
Madison Square Garden, Feb. 24, at 2 o'clock P. M. 
A number of cash specials have recently been added to 
the Mascoutah Kennel Club's premium list, for Gordon set- 
ters, ma.stiffs, pointers, poodles and dachshunde. Addi- 
tional classes have been trade forpoodlts as follows: 143A, 
challenge curly dogs; 143B, challenge curly bitches. Class 
144 is changed to cballenge corded dogs and bitches. Tne 
prizo for challenge I alian greyhounds, class 273, is flO, 
Beagles will be judged by Major J. M. Taylor. 
The election of officers of the Associate Members of the 
A K. C resulted as follows: President, H. H. Hunneweli, 
Jr.; Vice President. H. G. Trevor; Secretary. Fred E. Lewis'. 
Delegates: A. C. "Wilmerding, H. K. Bloodgood and G W. 
H. Ritchie. At the committee meeting, held recently, Mr. 
T. J. Farley, of Albany, was disqualified. The Pacinc Ken- 
At the Pittsburg show a valuable silver cup will be offered 
for the best dog in the show, besides a number of cash and 
other special prizes. 
Communications for this department are requested. Anything on 
the bicycle in its relation to the sportsman is particularly desirable. 
THE ART OF PEDALING. 
A NOVICE wonders why it is that some riders go up hill 
without apparent exertion, while he is straining every mus- 
cle in his body to accomplish the ascent, and even then 
perhaps fails to reach the top without dismounting. His 
bicycle wabbles from side to side of the road and there can 
be no question but that he is exerting a much greater mus- 
cular effort than the other men ; and yet, as if by magic, 
ihey slip by him, riding smoothly and easily. 
Similarly, against head winds, and even under favorable 
conditions, the novice finds ih^t the experienced riders have 
an advantage over him in ease of riding and freedom from 
fatigue that he cannot explain on ordinarv grounds. 
Of course a portion of this superiority lies in the hardened 
muscles and better jurjgment of the experienced rider, but 
much the greater part is due to skill in pedaling. 
Good ankle motion is the secret of all good riding, and it 
is indispensable for hill climbing or conditions where the 
exertion is ereat and continuous. 
The accompanying diagrams are intended to show the 
difference between good pedaling and b id, and to demon- 
strate the way in which power is gained by proper ankle 
motion. The first shows the incorrect way — characteristic 
of unskilled wheelmen — in which the rider propels his ma- 
in the first, the knee follows a jerky and ungraceful 
course, which can best be represented by a succession of 
angleti, and at the height of the stroke it reaches a point 
several inches above the position of the knee in the second 
diagram. 
This jerky and excessive knee action alone would con- 
demn the first method as compared with the second were 
other reasons lacking. The main fault, however, is to be 
found in the position of the foot and ankle, which is directly 
responsible for the other fault just noted. Here in the first 
diagram we see that in all positions of the stroke the foot 
occupies practically the same position relative to the hori- 
zontal dotted lines, since planes passing through the sole are 
parallel. The only force for propulsion that caa be ex- 
erted is downward and is limited to positions from 1 to 4 
inclusive, wl-iile the stroke is really effective through 2 and 
3, or only one-quarter the entire revolution of the ptdal. 
It will also be noted that, ag the leg is further from a 
straight line here than in the corresponding positions in Fig. 
3, the thrust of the leg, even at its most effective points, 
must be less powerful than where the second style of riding 
has been adopted. 
As most wheelmen have two legs, and as the force for pro- 
pulsion of each' leg by the flat footed method is extended in 
some degree through one-half of the revolution of ihe pedal, 
it is perfectly possible for the rider to get along under ordi- 
nary conditions without ever acquiring a knowledge of scien- 
tific pedaling On smooth, level surfaces the lack of this 
accomplishment is not seriously felt but bring the rider up 
against a hill or a head wind and at once h finds himself 
heavily handicapped. The bicvcle loses the momentum im- 
parled to it by the effyctive part of one stroke (positions 3 
and 8) before the opposite pedal can be brought into position 
for the following stroke. The rider strains every muscle to 
overcome the dead p lints and exerts a force greatly in ex- 
cess of that which ia actually required, and as a result either 
fails in his effort or is unnecessarily exhausted. 
!Now turn to the second diagram and note the great ad- 
van tagt^ the wheelman has when, instead of riding flat footed, 
h ' acquires a proper control of his ankle action. 'Here by 
simply raising and lowering the heel a "kicking" and "claw- 
I. THE WRONG WAY. 
4- 
11. ANKLE ACTION. 
8" 
chine by a series of flat-footed thrusts. The other diagram 
shows the proper style, in which, through the medium of 
ankle motion, the propelling power of the rider's legs is 
exerted continuously instead of by fits and starts. 
In order to clearly appreciate the point at issue, we must 
consider for a moment the principles of crank-driven mech- 
anisms Take lor example a grindstone which is fitted with 
a handle of the type usual in such machines. Turn the 
handle slowly and it becomes evident that the power exerted 
to do this may be divided into a series of direct forces. 
Suppose you are standing behind and a little above the 
griadstone, with the handle at its highest point. Fu'st 
thrust the handle away from you, and the force expended is, 
roughly speaking, a forward horizontal one. Then press it 
down, and yovi have a downward vertical force. Then be- 
fore it quite reaches its lowest point draw the handle toward 
yourself, .and the force is a backward horizontal one. 
Lastly, lift it over the relative dead center, and you exeicise 
an upward vertical force. 
Thus, to turn the grindstone properly we see thai the force 
must be expended in four directions: first forward, then 
downward, then backward, then upward. 
The same principle exactly, viz., of keeping up the appli- 
cation of power all around, should be adopted as far as pos- 
sible when riding a bicycle. 
It is not possible of course to copy it in full, as the upward 
pull is impractiL'able, but three of the four motions may be 
duplicated. A morkey has the entire series at his command, 
and should make a good -bicycle rider. 
Lacking his foot grip, man has to make up for it by in- 
telligent cultivation of the use of the ankle joint, the object 
being to txert throughout as great a part of tne revolution of 
the pedal as possible, a force which shall tend to propel the 
bicyele. As the author of the volume on cycling in the 
Badmington Library remarks, "Good ankle work even in its 
least developed stage prevents the rider from holding down 
when the lowest point is reached, a trick which very often 
has much to do with the notable slowness of a promising 
looking nder." 
Referring to the diagrams, it will be noted that in both 
the positions "of the hip of the rider and ut the trauk axie 
are always in the same ho'izontal lines. 
Tois is essential, as the distance from saddle to crank axle 
is fixed. It will als ' be noted that n each case the supposi- 
tious saddles are adjusted at the greatest height consistent 
with the different styles of riding. In all other respects, 
however, the diagrams differ. 
ing" control of the pedal is obtained that extends the stroke 
through nearly three quarters the revolution of the crank. 
This is a tremendous increase of power, and effectually ob- 
viates dead centers The resultant motion of the knee is 
easy and graceful, and readily falls in with the curve sug- 
gestive of a wave line, as indicated by the dotted line, while 
nowhere is the leg greatly bent or its moat eflecive muscular 
power saciificed. 
As an actual matter of measurement the knee rises and 
falls 50 per cent, less with proper ankle motion than when 
one is pedaling flat-footed. 
In the second diagram the stroke may be made effective 
from positions 1 to 6 inclusive, though as an actual matter of 
fact few riders possess so great a scope. As the pedal bt gins 
to rise at the latter part of the stroke (positions 7 and 8; the 
heel is sharply dropped, so that it is ready at 1 lor an effective 
forward kick. Then follows a simultineous straightening of 
the ankle and knee joints that is the essence of power in <5. 
3 and 4 
At position 5 a backward "clawing" motion begins, which 
helps to lengthen thu stroke, and which is continued through 
6. Finally at 7 the heel is quickly dropped to prepare for 
the following stroke. 
The greatest power is of course available in positions 
from 1 to 4 inclusive, and this is the part of the stroke that 
tells most effectively in hill climbing. With a firm grasp on 
the handle bars, \vhich greatly increases the force of the 
thrust, the full strength of the rider is effectively expended 
for the propulsion of the wheel, while dead points are ob- 
viated by the subsequent clawing action. 
AN EASY ROAD TO RIDING. 
An old sea captain, who wants to learn to ride a bicycle, 
but who is somewhat timid about beginning, as the result 
of a two-minutes' irial on his son's wheel some time since, 
has devised a phn that he intends shortly putting into 
operation, which he believes will rob cycling of its terrors 
to the beginner, 
At ibe Sportsmen's Exposition two years ago this old 
gentleman saw in op-raii on a "home trainer," mide by 
placing three wooden rolUrs in such a position that 
they support the wheels of a bicycle. These rollers are 
pivoted so as to turn easily, and when an expert rider 
mounts the bicycle he can pedal away at a great rate, and 
get all the exercise he wants while staying in one place, as 
