8 
WINTER OATS. 
More profitable than Spring Oats. Nothing new, having 
been thoroughly tried and succeeded well throughout the 
United States. They are sown in the fall when wheat is 
seeded, or earlier if desired. They will mature their crop 
usually a few days later than wheat ; a vigorous grower ; 
average height when ripe to cut, four feet ; stool wonderfully; 
single grains throw up from ten to twenty stalks, which bear 
large, well filled heads. They have a stiff straw, stand up 
well, and yield from thirty to sixty bushels of oats to an acre. 
Will produce a crop on moderately poor land, where Spring 
Oats would fail. They weigh from forty to forty-five pounds 
to the bushel ; this alone should be sufficient to induce far- 
mers to grow them. They are perfectly hardy, having with- 
stood a temperature of 40° below zero. If sown early in 
September, they furnish excellent pasture in the fall, which 
is a benefit instead of a detriment. 
These oats have been grown here for the past eight years, 
and are doing as well to-day as when first sown. The seed I 
offer is pedigree stock — thoroughly reliable. They ought to 
be grown more extensively throughout the country. One 
bushel will seed an acre. Price $1.00 per bushel, in sacks, 
F. O. B. 
The prices quoted on all seeds includes the cost of sacks — 
i. e., no charge made for sacks. 
Other grass seeds furnished when desired. Prices given 
upon application. 
Place your order now. 
EXTRACTS FROn FARflERS' BULLETIN, NO. 16, 
BY 
E. W. ALLEN, Ph. D., 
Assistant Director of the Office of Experiment Station, 
Agricultural Department, Washington, D. C. 
Green manuring improves the physical properties of the 
soil by making the soil more porous and adding to its supply 
of humus. It brings up the dormant plant-food from deep 
down in the soil and deposits it near the surface, where it can 
be used by plants feeding near the surface. 
Green manuring with buckwheat, Hungarian grass, and 
other non-leguminous plants adds practically nothing to the 
soil which was not there before, except a mass of vegetable 
matter which decays and goes to form humus. 
